{"id":1077,"date":"2008-12-10T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2008-12-10T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/staging.jbh.is\/?p=1077"},"modified":"2020-09-22T14:06:42","modified_gmt":"2020-09-22T14:06:42","slug":"gjor-rett-thol-ei-orett","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/?p=1077","title":{"rendered":"“GJ\u00d6R R\u00c9TT, \u00deOL EI \u00d3R\u00c9TT “"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u00f6ran var sj\u00e1lfur fj\u00e1rm\u00e1lar\u00e1\u00f0herra \u00ed r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rn jafna\u00f0armanna \u00feegar alvarleg fj\u00e1rm\u00e1la- og bankakreppa rei\u00f0 yfir Sv\u00ed\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00e1runum 1992-95. Sv\u00edar ur\u00f0u a\u00f0 gr\u00edpa til r\u00f3tt\u00e6kra r\u00e1\u00f0stafana til a\u00f0 verja s\u00e6nsku kr\u00f3nuna falli (himinh\u00e1ir st\u00fdrivextir) og til a\u00f0 for\u00f0a bankakerfinu fr\u00e1 hruni (t\u00edmabundin \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0n\u00fdting lykilbanka). \u00dea\u00f0 m\u00e6ddi miki\u00f0 \u00e1 fj\u00e1rm\u00e1lar\u00e1\u00f0herranum, Person, \u00e1 \u00feessum \u00e1rum. Hann var\u00f0 \u00e1 t\u00edmabili \u00f3vins\u00e6lasti stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lama\u00f0ur \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar, sem er s\u00f6nnun \u00feess a\u00f0 hann var ekki haldinn \u00e1kvar\u00f0anaf\u00e6lni. Persson kom til \u00cdslands \u00ed bo\u00f0i Vi\u00f0skiptadeildar H.\u00cd. og F\u00e9lags fj\u00e1rfesta til \u00feess a\u00f0 mi\u00f0la okkur pers\u00f3nulega af reynslu sinni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n

A\u00f0 l\u00e6ra af reynslunni<\/h2>\n

R\u00e6\u00f0a hans var m\u00f6gnu\u00f0. Enginn sem hana heyr\u00f0i gat velkst \u00ed vafa um a\u00f0 hann vildi r\u00e1\u00f0a okkur heilt og mi\u00f0la af d\u00fdrkeyptri reynslu. En hann t\u00f3k \u00fea\u00f0 sk\u00fdrt fram \u00ed upphafi m\u00e1ls s\u00edns a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00f3l\u00edku saman a\u00f0 jafna, hremmingum Sv\u00eda \u00e1 fyrri hluta t\u00edunda \u00e1ratugar seinust aldar og \u00fev\u00ed allsherjarhruni \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0argjaldmi\u00f0ils og fj\u00e1rm\u00e1lakerfis, sem \u00cdslendingar standa n\u00fa frammi fyrir. Kreppan sem \u00cdslendingar ver\u00f0a a\u00f0 fara \u00ed gegnum \u00e1 n\u00e6stu \u00e1rum er miklum mun dj\u00fapst\u00e6\u00f0ari en s\u00fa sem Sv\u00edar upplif\u00f0u \u00fe\u00e1. Vi\u00f0 \u00feetta b\u00e6tist, a\u00f0 n\u00fa er heimskreppa yfirvofandi, en al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0leg uppsveifla l\u00e9tti undir me\u00f0 Sv\u00edum \u00e1 s\u00ednum t\u00edma.<\/p>\n

\u00der\u00e1tt fyrir \u00feennan mun er samt h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 l\u00e6ra miki\u00f0 af vi\u00f0br\u00f6g\u00f0um Sv\u00eda vi\u00f0 kreppunni. M\u00f6nnum ber almennt saman um \u00fea\u00f0, \u00ed lj\u00f3si reynslunnar, a\u00f0 Sv\u00edar hafi brug\u00f0ist vi\u00f0 vandr\u00e6\u00f0um s\u00ednum af festu og \u00f6ryggi, undir forystu Persons. \u00dea\u00f0 t\u00f3k Sv\u00eda 2-3 \u00e1r a\u00f0 vinna sig \u00fat \u00far kreppunni og a\u00f0 leggja grunn a\u00f0 uppbyggingarstarfi. A\u00f0fer\u00f0irnar sem Sv\u00edar beittu skilu\u00f0u \u00e1rangri. \u00dea\u00f0 var \u00feetta sem Persson lag\u00f0i \u00e1herslu \u00e1. \u00de\u00f3tt sj\u00e1lfur efnahagsvandinn s\u00e9 um margt \u00f3l\u00edkur \u00fe\u00e1 er p\u00f3lit\u00edski vandinn hinn sami. Hann sn\u00fdst um \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 byggja upp traust \u00e1 a\u00f0ger\u00f0um stj\u00f3rnvalda og a\u00f0 sameina krafta \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar \u00ed uppbyggingarstarfi. Hvernig gerum vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0? Persson lag\u00f0i \u00e1herslu \u00e1 \u00ferennt, sem a\u00f0 hans mati, skiptir sk\u00f6pum um \u00e1rangur:<\/p>\n

A\u00f0 segja sannleikann<\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. A\u00f0 segja \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0inni satt: \u00c1byrg\u00f0armenn \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar ver\u00f0a a\u00f0 \u00feora a\u00f0 horfast \u00ed augu vi\u00f0 sta\u00f0reyndir. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00e1 ekki a\u00f0 reyna a\u00f0 fegra veruleikann n\u00e9 heldur fela hann fyrir \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0inni. \u00dea\u00f0 kemst hvort e\u00f0 er upp fyrr en s\u00ed\u00f0ar. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00e1 ekki a\u00f0 vekja upp falskar vonir um a\u00f0 botninum s\u00e9 n\u00e1\u00f0 e\u00f0a a\u00f0 betri t\u00ed\u00f0 b\u00ed\u00f0i handan hornsins. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00e1 ekki a\u00f0 lj\u00faga \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0inni a\u00f0 h\u00fan \u00feurfi ekki a\u00f0 f\u00e6ra f\u00f3rnir n\u00e9 heldur a\u00f0 \u00feetta ver\u00f0i s\u00e1rsaukalaus reynsla. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00e1 ekki a\u00f0 fegra framt\u00ed\u00f0arsp\u00e1r. Ef eitthva\u00f0 er, \u00fe\u00e1 \u00e1 a\u00f0 gera r\u00e1\u00f0 fyrir hinu versta. Allt \u00e1 a\u00f0 vera gegns\u00e6tt og opi\u00f0 fyrir gagnr\u00fdni. Enginn feluleikur, ekkert pukur. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00e1 a\u00f0 segja \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0inni sannleikann umb\u00fa\u00f0alaust. \u00dea\u00f0 er forsenda \u00feess a\u00f0 h\u00fan fallist \u00e1 a\u00f0 f\u00e6ra \u00f3hj\u00e1kv\u00e6milegar f\u00f3rnir. \u2013 Geta n\u00faverandi forr\u00e1\u00f0amenn \u00cdslendinga eitthva\u00f0 af \u00feessu l\u00e6rt?<\/li>\n
  2. Vandinn er ekki s\u00e1 a\u00f0 vita, hva\u00f0 \u00e1 a\u00f0 gera, heldur a\u00f0 \u00feora a\u00f0 gera \u00fea\u00f0. Kjarni vandans er s\u00e1 a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u2013 eins og \u00fei\u00f0 n\u00fana \u2013 vorum sokkin \u00ed skuldir, sag\u00f0i Persson. \u00c9g \u00feurfti \u00fe\u00e1, sem fj\u00e1rm\u00e1lar\u00e1\u00f0herra Sv\u00eda, a\u00f0 fara me\u00f0 betlistaf \u00ed hendi fyrir r\u00famlega \u00fer\u00edtuga forstj\u00f3ra al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legra fj\u00e1rm\u00e1lastofnana og sl\u00e1 l\u00e1n. \u00dea\u00f0 voru \u00feung skref og au\u00f0m\u00fdkjandi reynsla. \u00c1rangurinn var a\u00f0 \u00f6llu leyti undir \u00fev\u00ed kominn a\u00f0 geta sannf\u00e6rt \u00feessa l\u00e1nardrottna (marka\u00f0ina) um a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 myndum gera \u00fea\u00f0 sem \u00feyrfti a\u00f0 gera til \u00feess a\u00f0 geta endurgreitt skuldir okkar. Ella v\u00e6ri vo\u00f0inn v\u00eds. Ella hef\u00f0i gjaldmi\u00f0illinn hruni\u00f0. Ella hef\u00f0i ver\u00f0b\u00f3lgan fari\u00f0 \u00far b\u00f6ndunum. Ella hef\u00f0i atvinnuleysi\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00f3vi\u00f0r\u00e1\u00f0anlegt. Ella hef\u00f0um vi\u00f0 glata\u00f0 forr\u00e6\u00f0i eigin m\u00e1la og lent undir stj\u00f3rn eins konar skiptar\u00e1\u00f0anda. \u00deetta \u00fe\u00fdddi a\u00f0 \u00f6ll g\u00f3\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0 voru d\u00fdr. Vi\u00f0 ur\u00f0um a\u00f0 gera hvort tveggja: Skera ni\u00f0ur r\u00edkis\u00fatgj\u00f6ld og h\u00e6kka skatta, sem voru \u00fe\u00f3 fyrir hinir h\u00e6stu \u00ed heimi. \u00cd \u00feessu f\u00f3lst f\u00f3rnarkostna\u00f0ur \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar. Sumir vildu fresta a\u00f0ger\u00f0um og milda \u00fe\u00e6r \u00ed veikri von um a\u00f0 \u00e1standi\u00f0 myndi lagast af sj\u00e1lfu s\u00e9r. \u00dea\u00f0 var hrein \u00f3skhyggja og hef\u00f0i gert illt verra, ef h\u00fan hef\u00f0i fengi\u00f0 a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0a. Frestur er ekki \u00e1 illu bestur. Vi\u00f0 \u00e1kv\u00e1\u00f0um a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0st a\u00f0 r\u00f3tum vandans strax.<\/li>\n
  3. \u00deriggja \u00e1ra bjargr\u00e1\u00f0a\u00e1\u00e6tlun og \u00fatlistun \u00e1 sanngjarnri dreifingu byr\u00f0a: A\u00f0ger\u00f0a\u00e1\u00e6tlun sem l\u00fdsir n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega lei\u00f0um a\u00f0 settu marki, er lykilatri\u00f0i. \u00dea\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 binda sig vi\u00f0 mastri\u00f0 og standa af s\u00e9r brotsj\u00f3i, hva\u00f0 svo sem \u00e1 gengur. \u00dea\u00f0 er vita vonlaust a\u00f0 \u00e6tla a\u00f0 gr\u00edpa til a\u00f0ger\u00f0a eftir hentugleikum \u00e1 lei\u00f0inni e\u00f0a a\u00f0 v\u00edkja af marka\u00f0ri braut. Undan\u00fe\u00e1gur koma ekki til greina \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 munu fleiri fylgja \u00ed kj\u00f6lfari\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 m\u00e1 ekki s\u00fdna neinn veikleika. \u00dea\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 framkv\u00e6ma a\u00f0ger\u00f0a\u00e1\u00e6tlunina undanbrag\u00f0alaust og af festu. \u00deetta er forsenda \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0in l\u00e1ti sannf\u00e6rast um, a\u00f0 f\u00f3rnirnar s\u00e9u ekki f\u00e6r\u00f0ar til einskis. \u00dea\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 \u00fatlista \u00fea\u00f0 fyrir \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0inni fr\u00e1 degi til dags og af fullkominni hreinskilni a\u00f0 \u00feetta s\u00e9 \u00fea\u00f0 sem vi\u00f0 ver\u00f0um sameiginlega a\u00f0 gera til a\u00f0 n\u00e1 fyrirframskilgreindum \u00e1rangri: a\u00f0 losa okkur af skuldaklafanum. A\u00f0 koma \u00e1 j\u00f6fnu\u00f0i \u00ed r\u00edkisfj\u00e1rm\u00e1lum, a\u00f0 byggja upp j\u00f6fnu\u00f0 \u00ed vi\u00f0skiptum vi\u00f0 \u00fatl\u00f6nd, a\u00f0 byggja upp gjaldeyrisvarasj\u00f3\u00f0i. A\u00f0 skapa forsendur fyrir l\u00e6kkun skatta, \u00feegar vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum efni \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed. Og nota bene: allt ver\u00f0ur \u00feetta a\u00f0 gerast fyrir opnum tj\u00f6ldum og undir lei\u00f0armerkjum f\u00e9lagslegs r\u00e9ttl\u00e6tis. \u00cd \u00fev\u00ed felst m.a. a\u00f0 \u00feeir sem komu okkur \u00e1 kaldan klaka, ver\u00f0i l\u00e1tnir s\u00e6ta \u00e1byrg\u00f0. \u00deeir sem h\u00f6f\u00f0u maka\u00f0 kr\u00f3kinn \u00ed uppsveiflunni s\u00e1tu uppi me\u00f0 ver\u00f0laus hlutabr\u00e9f. Skattgrei\u00f0endur fengu framlag sitt til bjargar b\u00f6nkunum a\u00f0 fullu endurgreitt. S\u00fa regla skal gilda a\u00f0 \u00feeir sem taka \u00e1h\u00e6ttu me\u00f0 annarra manna f\u00e9 eigi l\u00edka a\u00f0 bera tapi\u00f0. \u00deeir sem brutu l\u00f6gin eiga a\u00f0 taka \u00fat s\u00edna refsingu frammi fyrir d\u00f3mst\u00f3lum. Au\u00f0vita\u00f0 n\u00e1\u00f0um vi\u00f0 ekki til allra. Sumir l\u00e9tu sig hverfa. En \u00feeir \u00e1ttu \u00fe\u00e1 ekki afturkv\u00e6mt \u00e1 n\u00e1\u00f0ir s\u00e6nsks samf\u00e9lags.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Evr\u00f3pusambandi\u00f0: Vi\u00f0lagatrygging \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0r\u00edkjanna<\/h2>\n

    \u00cd mi\u00f0ri kreppunni, sag\u00f0i Person, t\u00f3kum vi\u00f0 Sv\u00edar \u00fe\u00e1 \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un a\u00f0 s\u00e6kja um a\u00f0ild a\u00f0 Evr\u00f3pusambandinu. Vi\u00f0 h\u00f6f\u00f0um ekki a\u00f0 fullu unni\u00f0 okkur \u00fat \u00far kreppunni, \u00feegar \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0slan f\u00f3r fram um samningsni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0una. Meirihlutinn sag\u00f0i j\u00e1. B\u00e6\u00f0i fyrir og eftir daginn sem \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0slan f\u00f3r fram hafa Sv\u00edar l\u00fdst \u00f3\u00e1n\u00e6gju sinni me\u00f0 Evr\u00f3pusambandi\u00f0. En \u00feegar \u00e1 reyndi, \u00feegar \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0in haf\u00f0i \u00f6rl\u00f6g s\u00edn \u00ed eigin hendi, sag\u00f0i meirihlutinn j\u00e1. \u00dea\u00f0 var r\u00f6kr\u00e9tt ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0a af reynslu \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar af kreppunni.<\/p>\n

    Hi\u00f0 al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0lega fj\u00e1rmagn hefur vaxi\u00f0 hef\u00f0bundnu sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0i einstakra \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0r\u00edkja yfir h\u00f6fu\u00f0. Vi\u00f0 Sv\u00edar r\u00e9\u00f0um ekki einir og s\u00e9r vi\u00f0 ofurvald al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legs fj\u00e1rmagns. Evr\u00f3pusambandi\u00f0 er sv\u00e6\u00f0isbundi\u00f0 svar \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0r\u00edkja \u00ed Evr\u00f3pu vi\u00f0 \u00feessum breyttu valdahlutf\u00f6llum \u00ed heiminum. Vi\u00f0 Sv\u00edar erum fr\u00e1 fornu fari vinir Sameinu\u00f0u \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0anna. En vi\u00f0 vitum a\u00f0 fenginni reynslu, a\u00f0 \u00feessi al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0asamt\u00f6k \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a heims eru \u00fev\u00ed mi\u00f0ur \u00ed lamasessi. Vi\u00f0 vildum gjarnan sj\u00e1 \u00feau styrkjast. Sv\u00e6\u00f0isbundin samt\u00f6k eins og Evr\u00f3pusambandi\u00f0 eru skref \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1 \u00e1tt. Samb\u00e6rileg sv\u00e6\u00f0issamt\u00f6k \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum heimshlutum, \u00ed As\u00edu, \u00ed Amer\u00edku og Afr\u00edku, munu ver\u00f0a til \u00e1 n\u00e6stu \u00e1rum.<\/p>\n

    S\u00e1 t\u00edmi er li\u00f0inn a\u00f0 einst\u00f6k \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0r\u00edki geti, ein og \u00f3studd, sta\u00f0i\u00f0 af s\u00e9r fellibylji sem munu fara hamf\u00f6rum \u00e1 al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legum fj\u00e1rmagnsm\u00f6rku\u00f0um \u00e1 \u00f3kominni t\u00ed\u00f0. Evr\u00f3pusambandi\u00f0 er eins konar tryggingarf\u00e9lag \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0r\u00edkja Evr\u00f3pu gagnvart fyrirsj\u00e1anlegri v\u00e1. Margt bendir til \u00feess a\u00f0 hin al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0lega fj\u00e1rm\u00e1lakreppa, sem n\u00fa geisar um heimsbygg\u00f0ina eigi enn eftir a\u00f0 d\u00fdpka. \u00de\u00e1 mun reyna \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 sem aldrei fyrr hversu haldg\u00f3\u00f0 vi\u00f0lagatrygging Evr\u00f3pusambandsa\u00f0ild mun reynast \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0um Evr\u00f3pu.<\/p>\n

    \u00deeim sem heyr\u00f0u r\u00e6\u00f0u G\u00f6rans Persson \u00ed H\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0asal H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans s.l. Mi\u00f0vikudag 10. desember ber saman um, a\u00f0 \u00feetta hafi veri\u00f0 m\u00f6gnu\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a. \u00dearna tala\u00f0i myndugur \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arlei\u00f0togi, sem haf\u00f0i sta\u00f0ist \u00e1lagspr\u00f3f reynslunnar og hreif \u00e1heyrendur s\u00edna, af \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 hann sag\u00f0i sannleikann. Er til of mikils m\u00e6lst a\u00f0 gera samb\u00e6rilegar kr\u00f6fur til \u00feeirra, sem telja sig hafa umbo\u00f0 \u00edslensku \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar til \u00feess a\u00f0 lei\u00f0a hana \u00fat \u00far \u00feeim \u00f3g\u00f6ngum, sem h\u00fan hefur rata\u00f0 \u00ed? L\u00edti n\u00fa hver \u00ed eigin barm og taki til s\u00edn, \u00feeir sem eiga.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Getum vi\u00f0 \u00cdslendingar l\u00e6rt eitthva\u00f0 sem m\u00e1li skiptir af \u00f3f\u00f6rum annarra \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a og vi\u00f0br\u00f6g\u00f0um \u00feeirra vi\u00f0 \u00e1f\u00f6llum? Vi\u00f0 fengum l\u00e6rd\u00f3msr\u00edkt svar vi\u00f0 \u00feeirri spurningu af v\u00f6rum G\u00f6rans Persson, fv. fj\u00e1rm\u00e1la- og fors\u00e6tisr\u00e1\u00f0herra Sv\u00ed\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar, \u00ed r\u00e6\u00f0u sem hann flutti fyrir fullu h\u00fasi \u00ed H\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0arsal H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans, 10. desember. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1077","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-allar_greinar","category-greinar_og_vidtol"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1077","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1077"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1077\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2897,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1077\/revisions\/2897"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1077"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1077"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1077"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}