Til eru fr\u00e1sagnir erlendra fer\u00f0amanna sem heims\u00f3ttu landi\u00f0 allt fram \u00e1 19du \u00f6ld sem undru\u00f0ust \u00fea\u00f0, hvernig \u00feetta frumst\u00e6\u00f0a f\u00f3lk gat dregi\u00f0 fram l\u00edfi\u00f0 \u00ed kofahreysum, sem \u00feeim s\u00fdndist varla skepnum bj\u00f3\u00f0andi, hva\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 m\u00f6nnum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00cd sex hundru\u00f0 \u00e1r var f\u00e1t\u00e6ktin okkar fylgikona. \u00d6\u00f0ru hverju rei\u00f0 yfir landsins b\u00f6rn einhver pl\u00e1gan, \u00fdmist sj\u00fakd\u00f3msfaraldrar e\u00f0a n\u00e1tt\u00faruhamfarir, sem eyddu b\u00fasmalanum og ollu um lei\u00f0 hungursney\u00f0 sem felldi mannf\u00f3lki\u00f0 eins og flugur. Eymd afr\u00edska \u00feorpsins minnir um margt \u00e1 hokurb\u00faskap forfe\u00f0ra okkar og m\u00e6\u00f0ra. \u00dea\u00f0 er ekki svo \u00fdkjamikill munur \u00e1, utan eitt: \u00cdslendingar voru aldrei svo ves\u00e6lir \u00ed \u00f6rbirg\u00f0 sinni a\u00f0 \u00feeir v\u00e6ru ekki l\u00e6sir og skrifandi. \u00dea\u00f0 ger\u00f0i reyndar g\u00e6fumuninn, loksins \u00feegar stytti upp yfir \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0artilverunni.<\/p>\n
Samanbur\u00f0urinn \u00e1 hlutskipi okkar \u00cdslendinga \u00ed fort\u00ed\u00f0inni og \u00f6rbirg\u00f0 Afr\u00edku\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a \u00ed samt\u00edmanum er \u00fe\u00f3 varasamur, \u00feegar betur er a\u00f0 g\u00e1\u00f0. A\u00f0 v\u00edsu voru \u00cdslendingar \u00f6ldum saman n\u00fdlendu\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0, r\u00e9tt eins og allar \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir Afr\u00edku, a\u00f0rar en E\u00fe\u00ed\u00f3p\u00edumenn.En \u00cdslendingar \u00e1ttu sitt eigi\u00f0 tungum\u00e1l og \u00feurftu ekki a\u00f0 deila landi s\u00ednu me\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0rum \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0um. Hinar svok\u00f6llu\u00f0u \u201c\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir\u201d Afr\u00edku eru hins vegar tilb\u00faningur n\u00fdlenduherranna sem neyddu \u00f3l\u00edka \u00e6ttb\u00e1lka til samb\u00fdlis \u00e1 yfirr\u00e1\u00f0asv\u00e6\u00f0um s\u00ednum. A\u00f0 fengnu sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0i \u00e1 seinni hluta seinustu aldar ur\u00f0u einatt til \u201cgervir\u00edki\u201d, \u00fear sem \u00edb\u00faarnir \u00e1ttu f\u00e1tt sameiginlegt anna\u00f0 en arfleif\u00f0 n\u00fdlendudrottnanna \u2013 ekki einu sinni sameiginlegt tungum\u00e1l. Vi\u00f0 sl\u00edkar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur er erfitt a\u00f0 halda fri\u00f0inn \u00ed s\u00e1tt og samlyndi. \u00deetta b\u00f6l n\u00fdlenduarfsins \u00fejakar Afr\u00edku enn \u00ed dag og er henni fj\u00f6tur um f\u00f3t \u00e1 lei\u00f0 inn \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmann.<\/p>\n
\u00cdslendingar brutust \u00fat \u00far moldarkofum \u00f6rbirg\u00f0arinnar til bjarg\u00e1lna neyslusamf\u00e9lagsins \u00e1 r\u00famlega h\u00e1lfri \u00f6ld. \u00derennt kom til: Framkv\u00e6mdavaldi\u00f0 f\u00e6r\u00f0ist inn \u00ed landi\u00f0 (fr\u00e1 n\u00fdlenduherrunum, r\u00e9tt eins og \u00ed Afr\u00edku); vi\u00f0 fengum a\u00f0gang a\u00f0 erlendu framkv\u00e6mdaf\u00e9 (\u00cdslandsbanki); og vi\u00f0 h\u00f6f\u00f0um tollfrj\u00e1lsan a\u00f0gang a\u00f0 erlendum m\u00f6rku\u00f0um fram a\u00f0 fyrra str\u00ed\u00f0i. \u00deetta \u00ferennt \u00fe\u00fdddi a\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00e1ratug fyrir fyrra str\u00ed\u00f0 (1905-1914) hurfu \u00cdslendingar fr\u00e1 sj\u00e1lfs\u00feurftarhokri vi\u00f0 t\u00e6knistig \u00ferett\u00e1ndu aldar og ur\u00f0u \u00fatflutnings\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0, sem bj\u00f3 \u00ed \u00fe\u00e9ttb\u00fdli.<\/p>\n
\u00d6fugt vi\u00f0 kenningar frj\u00e1lshyggjupostulana um alr\u00e6\u00f0i marka\u00f0safla og ska\u00f0semi r\u00edkis\u00edhlutunar, gegndi r\u00edkisvaldi\u00f0 lykilhlutverki \u00ed \u00feessu hagvaxtarm\u00f3deli. R\u00edki\u00f0 kom \u00e1 sk\u00f3laskyldu (1907) og trygg\u00f0i \u00f6llum \u00f3keypis a\u00f0gang a\u00f0 sk\u00f3lag\u00f6ngu sem var fj\u00e1rm\u00f6gnu\u00f0 me\u00f0 sk\u00f6ttum. R\u00edki\u00f0 bygg\u00f0i orkuver, hafnir, vegi, br\u00fdr og flugvelli og s\u00e1 um flutninga \u00e1 sj\u00f3 um land allt. Me\u00f0 uppbyggingu \u00feessara innvi\u00f0a var\u00f0 \u00cdsland sj\u00e1lfb\u00e6rt hagkerfi sem haf\u00f0i a\u00f0gang a\u00f0 utanr\u00edkisverslun sem st\u00f3\u00f0 undir batnandi l\u00edfskj\u00f6rum.<\/p>\n
En a\u00f0 baki \u00f6llu \u00feessu var ein au\u00f0lind, sem ger\u00f0i g\u00e6fumuninn um a\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfb\u00e6rar framfarir g\u00e6tu or\u00f0i\u00f0: Uppl\u00fdst f\u00f3lk. F\u00e1t\u00e6kt f\u00f3lk, j\u00e1, en l\u00e6st og skrifandi. \u00cdslendingar voru flj\u00f3tir a\u00f0 l\u00e6ra, flj\u00f3tir a\u00f0 tileinka s\u00e9r n\u00fdja t\u00e6kni, flj\u00f3tir a\u00f0 a\u00f0lagast breyttum \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9lagsh\u00e1ttum. Allt vegna \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00feeir voru l\u00e6sir og skrifandi. \u00c1 \u00fev\u00ed byggist l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0. \u00c1 \u00fev\u00ed byggist r\u00e9ttarr\u00edki\u00f0. \u00c1 \u00fev\u00ed byggist a\u00f0hald fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0la a\u00f0 valdh\u00f6fum sem er nau\u00f0synlegt til a\u00f0 halda \u00ed skefjum spillingar\u00e1r\u00e1ttu mannskepnunnar. \u00c1 \u00fev\u00ed byggjast allar t\u00e6kniframfarir.<\/p>\n
\u00deetta er lykillinn a\u00f0 lausninni \u00e1 vanda f\u00e1t\u00e6ktarinnar: Menntun mannf\u00f3lksins. Okkur, sem l\u00f6ngum vorum hinir snau\u00f0ustu me\u00f0al hinna snau\u00f0u, ber skylda til a\u00f0 mi\u00f0la \u00f6\u00f0rum af reynslu okkar og r\u00e9tta \u00feeim hj\u00e1lparh\u00f6nd, alveg eins og a\u00f0rir r\u00e9ttu okkur hj\u00e1lparh\u00f6nd \u00e1 s\u00ednum t\u00edma (landfl\u00f3ttinn til Vesturheims og Marshalla\u00f0sto\u00f0in eftir str\u00ed\u00f0). Hvernig v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 ungir \u00cdslendingar, sem hafa n\u00fdloki\u00f0 st\u00fadentspr\u00f3fi en ekki gert upp hug sinn um framhaldsn\u00e1m, leggi \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed vana sinn a\u00f0 verja svo sem eins og einu \u00e1ri sem kennarar \u00ed \u00fer\u00f3unarl\u00f6ndum? Jafnvel \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00feeir \u00feurfi a\u00f0 horfast \u00ed augu vi\u00f0 hundra\u00f0 og tuttugu br\u00e9fsefnislausa berf\u00e6tlinga \u00ed bekkjardeild? Miki\u00f0 skal til mikils vinna.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00cd sexhundru\u00f0 \u00e1r vorum vi\u00f0 \u00cdslendingar \u00ed h\u00f3pi f\u00e1t\u00e6kustu \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a heims. Eftir \u00fe\u00fasund \u00e1ra b\u00fasetu var naumast uppistandandi heillegt mannvirki til marks um mannabygg\u00f0 \u00ed landinu. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1156","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-allar_greinar","category-greinar_og_vidtol"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1156","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1156"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1156\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2915,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1156\/revisions\/2915"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1156"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1156"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1156"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}