Lofsver\u00f0s framtaks J\u00f3ns Baldvins Hannibalssonar ver\u00f0ur \u00e6t\u00ed\u00f0 minnst \u00ed Eystrasaltsl\u00f6ndunum. S\u00f6mulei\u00f0is gleyma \u00edb\u00faar \u00fear \u00fev\u00ed seint a\u00f0 \u00ed \u00e1g\u00fast \u00feetta sama \u00e1r, 1991, t\u00f3ku \u00edslensk stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ld \u00e1 n\u00fd upp stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lasamband vi\u00f0 r\u00edkin \u00ferj\u00fa, fyrst allra \u00e1 Vesturl\u00f6ndum. Utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herrar Eistlands, Lettlands og Lith\u00e1ens sta\u00f0festu \u00feau t\u00edmam\u00f3t vi\u00f0 h\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0lega ath\u00f6fn \u00ed H\u00f6f\u00f0a hinn 26. \u00e1g\u00fast 1991. \u201e\u00cdsland var fyrst\u201c og \u201e\u00cdsland var \u00edsbrj\u00f3tur,\u201c s\u00f6g\u00f0u gestirnir g\u00f3\u00f0u. \u00c6 s\u00ed\u00f0an hefur frumkv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00cdslendinga veri\u00f0 hampa\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fdmsum h\u00e6tti. \u00cd Viln\u00edus er \u00cdslandsgata og \u00cdslandstorg \u00ed Riga og Tallinn. A\u00f0rar \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir hafa ekki noti\u00f0 vi\u00f0l\u00edka hei\u00f0urs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Vel er vi\u00f0 h\u00e6fi a\u00f0 minnast \u00feessarar s\u00f6gu, einkum \u00feegar merkt afm\u00e6li vi\u00f0bur\u00f0anna er \u00ed v\u00e6ndum. Eins er sj\u00e1lfsagt a\u00f0 nefna a\u00f0 margir vestr\u00e6nir valdhafar s\u00f6ku\u00f0u forystusveitina vi\u00f0 Eystrasalt um \u00e1byrg\u00f0arleysi og jafnvel kj\u00e1naskap. Skildi \u00feetta f\u00f3lk ekki a\u00f0 f\u00e9llist Gorbatsjov, lei\u00f0togi Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjanna, \u00e1 kr\u00f6fur \u00feeirra yr\u00f0i honum bola\u00f0 \u00ed burtu? Har\u00f0l\u00ednumennirnir sem t\u00e6kju vi\u00f0 myndu k\u00e6fa vonir \u00edb\u00faanna vi\u00f0 Eystrasalt \u00ed bl\u00f3\u00f0i ef me\u00f0 \u00feyrfti. Og hva\u00f0 me\u00f0 afvopnun, endalok kalda str\u00ed\u00f0sins og sameiningu \u00de\u00fdskalands? Hafa yr\u00f0i \u00ed huga heildarmyndina.<\/p>\n
\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0arlei\u00f0togarnir Bush, Kohl, Thatcher og Mitterrand f\u00e1 ekki g\u00f6tur \u00ed h\u00f6fu\u00f0borgum Eystrasaltslandanna nefndar eftir r\u00edkjum s\u00ednum. En \u00fea\u00f0 er n\u00fa samt \u00feannig a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 lifum og lif\u00f0um \u00ed h\u00f6r\u00f0um heimi. Realpolitik <\/i>r\u00e6\u00f0ur. \u00cd draumaver\u00f6ld hef\u00f0u lei\u00f0togar Bandar\u00edkjanna og Evr\u00f3puvelda or\u00f0i\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00f3skum \u00edb\u00faa Eystrasaltslandanna \u00ed einu og \u00f6llu. En hva\u00f0 hef\u00f0i \u00fe\u00e1 gerst \u00ed raun? N\u00fa er \u00fea\u00f0 svo a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed mi\u00f0ur er fort\u00ed\u00f0in ekki eins og st\u00e6r\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ijafna e\u00f0a efnafr\u00e6\u00f0iform\u00fala \u00fear sem vi\u00f0 getum breytt einum \u00fe\u00e6tti og vita\u00f0 fyrir v\u00edst hvernig lokani\u00f0ursta\u00f0an ver\u00f0ur fyrir viki\u00f0. \u00c1 hinn b\u00f3ginn vir\u00f0ist lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 hef\u00f0i Gorbatsjov til d\u00e6mis fallist \u00e1 sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0isyfirl\u00fdsingu Lith\u00e1ens \u00ed mars 1990 hef\u00f0i andst\u00e6\u00f0ingum hans \u00ed Moskvu heldur beti\u00f0 vaxi\u00f0 \u00e1smegin. Hef\u00f0i honum veri\u00f0 steypt af st\u00f3li um \u00fea\u00f0 leyti hef\u00f0u eftirmennirnir reynst a\u00f0rir og verri en klaufarnir sem reyndu a\u00f0 r\u00e6na v\u00f6ldum \u00e1ri s\u00ed\u00f0ar og fl\u00fdttu \u00feannig fyrir hruni Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjanna. H\u00e9r m\u00e1 einmitt minna \u00e1 a\u00f0 vori\u00f0 1990 neitu\u00f0u \u00edslensk stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ld a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a vi\u00f0 \u00f3skum Lith\u00e1a um vi\u00f0urkenningu \u00e1 sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0i \u00feeirra. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3tti ekki t\u00edmab\u00e6rt, myndi engu skila.<\/p>\n
\u00deannig ver\u00f0ur sagan fl\u00f3knari \u00feegar vel er a\u00f0 g\u00e1\u00f0. Eftir Eystrasaltsf\u00f6r J\u00f3ns Baldvins \u00ed jan\u00faar 1991 v\u00e6ntu forystumenn Lith\u00e1a \u00feess l\u00edka a\u00f0 \u00edslensk stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ld myndu n\u00e6r samstundis stofna til stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lasambands. \u00deeim haf\u00f0i svo sannarlega veri\u00f0 gefi\u00f0 undir f\u00f3tinn me\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0. Vikur li\u00f0u, ur\u00f0u a\u00f0 m\u00e1nu\u00f0um, ekkert ger\u00f0ist. \u00cd Viln\u00edus f\u00e9kk lei\u00f0toginn Vytautas Landsbergis vart leynt vonbrig\u00f0um s\u00ednum. Hvers vegna \u00feetta hik? Utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herra \u00cdslands \u00e1tti sv\u00f6r \u00e1 rei\u00f0um h\u00f6ndum. \u00cd fyrsta lagi gengi ekki a\u00f0 st\u00edga skrefi\u00f0 fyrr en Lith\u00e1ar r\u00e9\u00f0u \u00ed raun eigin landi og g\u00e6tu teki\u00f0 \u00e1 m\u00f3ti fulltr\u00faa erlends r\u00edkis. \u00cd annan sta\u00f0: forysta \u00cdslendinga v\u00e6ri til einskis nema r\u00e1\u00f0amenn annars sta\u00f0ar fylgdu \u00e1 eftir. Ekkert benti til \u00feess. \u00dev\u00ed yr\u00f0i a\u00f0 b\u00ed\u00f0a.<\/p>\n
Skipti h\u00e9r m\u00e1li a\u00f0 sov\u00e9skum valdh\u00f6fum misl\u00edka\u00f0i mj\u00f6g Eystrasaltsstefna \u00edslenskra stj\u00f3rnvalda? \u00deeir l\u00e9tu \u00ed ve\u00f0ri vaka a\u00f0 h\u00e9ldi \u00feessi \u00f3svinna \u00e1fram v\u00e6ri austurvi\u00f0skiptum \u00cdslendinga stefnt \u00ed vo\u00f0a. Var stu\u00f0ningur vi\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0isbar\u00e1ttu fjarl\u00e6gra \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a \u00feess vir\u00f0i? \u00datflytjendur sem \u00e1ttu beinna hagsmuna a\u00f0 g\u00e6ta efu\u00f0ust um \u00fea\u00f0. Steingr\u00edmur Hermannsson fors\u00e6tisr\u00e1\u00f0herra var \u00e1 b\u00e1\u00f0um \u00e1ttum. Ekkert bendir \u00fe\u00f3 til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00fdstingur Sov\u00e9tmanna hafi r\u00e1\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 ekki var stofna\u00f0 til stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lasambands fyrr en raun bar vitni. R\u00edkisstj\u00f3rn \u00cdslands virtist rei\u00f0ub\u00fain a\u00f0 taka \u00e1 sig skellinn \u00ed nafni hugsj\u00f3nanna. Vi\u00f0skipti skyldu ekki vega \u00feyngra en stu\u00f0ningur vi\u00f0 k\u00faga\u00f0ar \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir.<\/p>\n
\u00dev\u00ed ver\u00f0ur samt a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 Kremlverjar beittu vi\u00f0skiptavopninu aldrei. Hvernig st\u00f3\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed? \u00cd upplausnar\u00e1standinu sem r\u00edkti \u00ed Moskvu \u00feegar h\u00e9r var komi\u00f0 s\u00f6gu vissi ein stj\u00f3rnardeildin kannski ekki hva\u00f0 s\u00fa n\u00e6sta var a\u00f0 gera. Kannski fannst valdh\u00f6lfum eystra l\u00edka a\u00f0 afsta\u00f0a \u00cdslendinga breytti bara ekki nokkrum sk\u00f6pu\u00f0um hlut. \u00cd \u00f6llu falli f\u00f3r svo a\u00f0 \u00ed jan\u00faar 1991, um lei\u00f0 og J\u00f3n Baldvin var vi\u00f0 Eystrasalt a\u00f0 ford\u00e6ma \u00f3d\u00e6\u00f0isverkin \u00fear, undirritu\u00f0u sov\u00e9skir og \u00edslenskir emb\u00e6ttismenn samkomulag um frekari vi\u00f0skipti, gla\u00f0ir og reifir. Og \u00feegar Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkin hurfu \u00far heimi h\u00e9r \u00ed \u00e1rslok 1991 var \u00cdsland l\u00edklega eina r\u00edki\u00f0 \u00e1 Vesturl\u00f6ndum sem \u00e1tti enga fj\u00e1rmuni inni hj\u00e1 hinum fallna risa.<\/p>\n
Hrun Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjanna er au\u00f0vita\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 sem \u00f6llu skiptir \u00ed \u00feessari s\u00f6gu. St\u00f3ru umskiptin ur\u00f0u \u00ed \u00e1g\u00fast 1991 \u00feegar valdar\u00e6ningjarnir \u00ed Moskvu fl\u00e6ktust fyrir sj\u00e1lfum s\u00e9r og leiddu \u00f3viljandi til valda Boris Jelts\u00edn. Hann haf\u00f0i \u00e1\u00f0ur lofa\u00f0 a\u00f0 vi\u00f0urkenna sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0i Eystrasaltslandanna og st\u00f3\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00feau st\u00f3ru or\u00f0. N\u00fa er t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri\u00f0! sag\u00f0i J\u00f3n Baldvin Hannibalsson vi\u00f0 kollega s\u00edna \u00e1 NATO-fundi \u00ed Brussel. Framhaldi\u00f0 \u00feekkjum vi\u00f0. Lei\u00f0in l\u00e1 til H\u00f6f\u00f0a og s\u00ed\u00f0an fylgdu \u00f6nnur r\u00edki ford\u00e6mi litla \u00cdslands. Sm\u00e1\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0in haf\u00f0i s\u00fdnt hva\u00f0 \u00ed henni bj\u00f3, hverju h\u00e6gt v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 breyta ef hugsj\u00f3nir fengju a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0a og hinni h\u00f6r\u00f0u rauns\u00e6isp\u00f3lit\u00edk viki\u00f0 til hli\u00f0ar. E\u00f0a hva\u00f0?<\/p>\n
Aftur \u00fearf a\u00f0 staldra vi\u00f0. \u00de\u00f3tt eitt fylgi \u00f6\u00f0ru \u00ed t\u00edmar\u00f6\u00f0 er ekki \u00fear me\u00f0 sagt a\u00f0 eitt lei\u00f0i<\/i> af \u00f6\u00f0ru. Atbur\u00f0irnir og \u00e1kvar\u00f0anirnar sem skiptu sk\u00f6pum \u00e1ttu s\u00e9r sta\u00f0 \u00ed Moskvu, ekki Reykjav\u00edk. \u00cd Berl\u00edn, Washington og v\u00ed\u00f0ar bi\u00f0u menn ekki eftir \u00fev\u00ed hva\u00f0 \u00cdslendingar seg\u00f0u e\u00f0a ger\u00f0u. En skipti atbeini \u00edslenskra stj\u00f3rnvalda \u00fe\u00e1 engu m\u00e1li? \u00dea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri ofsagt. Hinn m\u00f3ralski stu\u00f0ningur var mikils metinn, f\u00f3lki\u00f0 vi\u00f0 Eystrasalt fann a\u00f0 \u00e1 Vesturl\u00f6ndum voru \u00feeir til sem skildu og studdu vonir \u00feess. Meira a\u00f0 segja er freistandi a\u00f0 velta \u00fev\u00ed fyrir s\u00e9r hvort J\u00f3n Baldvin og Dav\u00ed\u00f0 Oddsson, sem \u00fe\u00e1 var or\u00f0inn fors\u00e6tisr\u00e1\u00f0herra, hafi \u00fdtt af sta\u00f0 snj\u00f3bolta \u00feegar \u00feeir \u00e1kv\u00e1\u00f0u \u00ed \u00e1g\u00fast 1991, um lei\u00f0 og s\u00fdnt var a\u00f0 valdar\u00e1nstilraunin \u00ed Moskvu f\u00e6ri \u00fat um \u00fe\u00fafur, a\u00f0 stofna til stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lasambands vi\u00f0 Eystrasaltsr\u00edkin. Hinn metna\u00f0argjarni Uffe Ellemann-Jensen, utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herra Dana, s\u00e1 \u00f3\u00f0ara a\u00f0 \u00feeir yr\u00f0u a\u00f0 vera eins sn\u00f6ggir til. Stj\u00f3rnin \u00ed Kaupmannah\u00f6fn steig \u00fev\u00ed sama skref, hugsanlega fyrr en annars hef\u00f0i or\u00f0i\u00f0 raunin, og \u00fer\u00fdsti um lei\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00f6nnur r\u00edki Evr\u00f3pubandalagsins a\u00f0 fylgja \u00ed kj\u00f6lfari\u00f0. \u00deetta er \u00fe\u00f3 n\u00e6r \u00f3m\u00f6gulegt a\u00f0 sta\u00f0festa me\u00f0 \u00f3yggjandi h\u00e6tti, nema kannski \u00ed sk\u00e1lar\u00e6\u00f0um \u00fear sem \u00f6nnur l\u00f6gm\u00e1l gilda en \u00ed fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegum ranns\u00f3knum (svo ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 hafa \u00fea\u00f0 ef \u00feau or\u00f0 \u00feykja til merkis um akadem\u00edskan hroka).<\/p>\n
Alla \u00feessa s\u00f6gu \u00fearf a\u00f0 segja. Sj\u00f3narhornin ver\u00f0a \u00f3l\u00edk a\u00f0 einhverju leyti eftir \u00fev\u00ed hver \u00e1 \u00ed hlut. Fulltr\u00fai sm\u00e1\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar s\u00e9r atbur\u00f0ina \u00f6\u00f0rum augum en valdhafi st\u00f3rveldis. Sagnfr\u00e6\u00f0ingarnir taka annan p\u00f3l \u00ed h\u00e6\u00f0ina en s\u00f6guhetjurnar. Fr\u00e6\u00f0af\u00f3lkinu er kennt \u2013 e\u00f0a \u00e1 a\u00f0 vera kennt \u2013 a\u00f0 kynna s\u00e9r li\u00f0na t\u00ed\u00f0 fr\u00e1 \u00f6llum m\u00f6gulegum hli\u00f0um, \u00feefa uppi sem flestar heimildir, leggja mat \u00e1 \u00fe\u00e6r, reyna framar \u00f6llu a\u00f0 segja satt fr\u00e1 en lei\u00f0a hugann ekki a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed hvernig hva\u00f0a tilgangi sagan geti \u00fej\u00f3na\u00f0 \u00ed p\u00f3lit\u00edskum e\u00f0a pers\u00f3nulegum tilgangi. Auk \u00feess vilja fr\u00e6\u00f0imennirnir ekki bara draga st\u00f3ru dr\u00e6ttina, hetjus\u00f6guna. \u00deeir vilja l\u00edka la\u00f0a fram f\u00ednni bl\u00e6brig\u00f0i, \u00fea\u00f0 sem hef\u00f0i m\u00e1tt betur fara, \u00fea\u00f0 sem er \u00f3sagt \u00ed fr\u00e1s\u00f6gnum seinni t\u00edma. \u00deetta er au\u00f0vita\u00f0 ekki einskor\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00cdsland. \u00cd Eistlandi, Lettlandi og Lith\u00e1en eru ungir fr\u00e6\u00f0imenn (ekki endilega bara \u00ed aldri heldur einnig \u00ed anda) farnir a\u00f0 horfa gagnr\u00fdnum augum \u00e1 \u00e1r sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0isbar\u00e1ttunnar fyrir hartn\u00e6r 25 \u00e1rum. \u00deeir rifja upp a\u00f0 \u00ed \u00f6llum l\u00f6ndunum greindi menn \u00e1 um r\u00e9ttar lei\u00f0ir a\u00f0 lokatakmarkinu. \u00deeir benda \u00e1 a\u00f0 Eistar og Lettar voru mun vark\u00e1rari en Lith\u00e1ar og t\u00f6ldu \u00fe\u00e1 vilja of miki\u00f0 of flj\u00f3tt. \u00deeir s\u00fdna \u00fev\u00ed skilning a\u00f0 lei\u00f0togar \u00e1 Vesturl\u00f6ndum h\u00f6f\u00f0u m\u00f6rg j\u00e1rn \u00ed eldinum.<\/p>\n
F\u00f6gnum \u00fev\u00ed samt n\u00e6sta \u00e1r a\u00f0 aldarfj\u00f3r\u00f0ungur er s\u00ed\u00f0an \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0irnar \u00ferj\u00e1r vi\u00f0 Eystrasalt endurheimtu sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0i sitt. Minnumst l\u00edka frumkv\u00e6\u00f0is J\u00f3ns Baldvins Hannibalssonar. \u00c1n hans hef\u00f0i \u00cdsland l\u00edtt \u00e1tt hlut a\u00f0 m\u00e1li. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00feurfti einhvern af hans tagi \u00e1 st\u00f3li utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herra, hrifn\u00e6man og \u00f3venjulegan \u00e1str\u00ed\u00f0up\u00f3lit\u00edkus, me\u00f0 \u00f3\u00feol gagnvart yfirl\u00e6ti margra vestr\u00e6nna valdhafa \u00ed gar\u00f0 \u00cdslendinga og annarra sm\u00e1\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a \u2013 og \u00f3skipta sam\u00fa\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00edb\u00faunum vi\u00f0 Eystrasalt. En au\u00f0vita\u00f0 ger\u00f0i J\u00f3n ekki alltaf allt r\u00e9tt \u00feessi \u00e1r, sk\u00e1rra v\u00e6ri \u00fea\u00f0 n\u00fa.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"