{"id":1384,"date":"2016-04-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-04-28T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/staging.jbh.is\/?p=1384"},"modified":"2020-09-22T11:08:16","modified_gmt":"2020-09-22T11:08:16","slug":"hvad-er-eiginlega-ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/?p=1384","title":{"rendered":"HVA\u00d0 ER EIGINLEGA A\u00d0?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>B\u00c6KLA\u00d0 L\u00dd\u00d0R\u00c6\u00d0I:<\/b> Grundvallarregla l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0is er \u201eeinn ma\u00f0ur, eitt atkv\u00e6\u00f0i\u201c. Skv. \u00feessari grunnreglu hafa \u00cdslendingar alltaf b\u00fai\u00f0 vi\u00f0 vanskapa\u00f0 l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i. Misv\u00e6gi atkv\u00e6\u00f0isr\u00e9ttar var og er svo gr\u00f3ft, a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 er \u00ed bl\u00f3ra vi\u00f0 b\u00fasetu\u00fer\u00f3un \u00ed landinu. Kj\u00f6rd\u00e6maskipunin, bygg\u00f0 \u00e1 misv\u00e6gi atkv\u00e6\u00f0isr\u00e9ttar, ein og s\u00e9r \u00fdtir undir fyrirgrei\u00f0slup\u00f3lit\u00edk og hagsmunapot, \u00fe.e. <b>spillingu<\/b>. Allar tilraunir til a\u00f0 draga \u00far misv\u00e6gi atkv\u00e6\u00f0isr\u00e9ttar eftir b\u00fasetu hafa enda\u00f0 \u00ed hrossaskaupum um fj\u00f6lgun \u00feingmanna. \u00deingmenn eru n\u00fana allt of margir. Sj\u00e1lfur atkv\u00e6\u00f0isr\u00e9tturinn hefur veri\u00f0 ger\u00f0ur a\u00f0 <b>verslunarv\u00f6ru<\/b> \u00ed p\u00f3lit\u00edskum hrossakaupum.<\/p>\n\n\n<!--more Lesa meira-->\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Eina lei\u00f0in til a\u00f0 vir\u00f0a grunnregluna um jafnan atkv\u00e6\u00f0isr\u00e9tt er s\u00fa a\u00f0 gera <b>landi\u00f0 a\u00f0 einu kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi<\/b>. \u00deetta var alla t\u00ed\u00f0 stefna Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0uflokksins. Me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 gera landi\u00f0 a\u00f0 einu kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi v\u00e6ru skapa\u00f0ar p\u00f3lit\u00edskar forsendur fyrir skilvirkri <b>bygg\u00f0akjarnastefnu<\/b>.  \u00ed sta\u00f0 fyrirgrei\u00f0slu vi\u00f0 s\u00e9rhagsmuni \u00ed krafti meirihlutaofbeldis.<\/li>\n<li>Me\u00f0 landi\u00f0 eitt kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi pl\u00fas <b>pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6r<\/b>.  n\u00e6\u00f0ist hvort tveggja, a\u00f0 draga \u00far flokksr\u00e6\u00f0i (formannavaldi) og hagsmunatogstreitu, sem endar \u00ed spillingu. .<\/li>\n<li>R\u00e9ttur minnihluta \u00feingmanna og l\u00e1gmarkshlutfalls kj\u00f3senda (10-12%) til a\u00f0 krefjast <b>\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0slu<\/b>.  um mikilv\u00e6g m\u00e1l v\u00e6ri st\u00f3rt skref fram \u00e1 vi\u00f0 til eflingar l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0is. \u00deetta mundi styrkja st\u00f6\u00f0u l\u00f6ggjafarsamkomunnar gagnvart framkv\u00e6mdavaldinu (<b>r\u00e1\u00f0herrar\u00e6\u00f0inu<\/b>.), sem n\u00fa er allsr\u00e1\u00f0andi. \u00deetta g\u00e6ti teki\u00f0 st\u00f3rm\u00e1l \u00far g\u00edslingu s\u00e9rhagsmunah\u00f3pa. \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0arviljinn k\u00e6mi \u00ed sta\u00f0 n\u00faverandi ge\u00f0\u00fe\u00f3ttavals forseta. .<\/li>\n<li>D\u00e6mi: \u00cd meira en tvo \u00e1ratugi hefur mikill meirihluti \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar l\u00fdst sig andv\u00edgan <b>gjafakv\u00f3takerfinu<\/b>.  og me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 binda <b>\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0areign \u00e1 au\u00f0lindum \u00ed stj\u00f3rnaskr\u00e1<\/b>.. Hvorugt hefur n\u00e1\u00f0 fram a\u00f0 ganga vegna ofurvalds s\u00e9rhagsmuna. \u00deessu ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 breyta. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00e6tti a\u00f0 vera efst \u00e1 forgangslistanum, \u00e1samt me\u00f0 n\u00fdrri stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1. .<\/li>\n<li>Ef <b>meirihluti \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar<\/b>.  getur n\u00e1\u00f0 fram vilja s\u00ednum \u00ed \u00feessum m\u00e1lum \u00ed \u00feeim kosningum, sem framundan eru (forsetakj\u00f6r og \u00feingkosningar), mundi \u00fea\u00f0 valda straumhv\u00f6rfum. \u00deetta mundi b\u00e6ta vinnubr\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1 Al\u00feingi og traust almennings \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 leysa minnihluta \u00feings (stj\u00f3rnarandst\u00f6\u00f0u) fr\u00e1 \u00feeirri nau\u00f0ung a\u00f0 beita <b>m\u00e1l\u00fe\u00f3fsvopninu<\/b>.  \u00ed t\u00edma og \u00f3t\u00edma. .<\/li>\n<li>Ranns\u00f3knir hafa s\u00fdnt, a\u00f0 <b>mannar\u00e1\u00f0ningar<\/b>.  \u00ed opinberri stj\u00f3rns\u00fdslu byggja \u00ed meira m\u00e6li \u00e1 flokkshollustu (flokksr\u00e6\u00f0i) en starfsh\u00e6fni skv. hlutl\u00e6gu mati. \u00deetta \u00e1 vi\u00f0 um r\u00e1\u00f0uneyti, r\u00edkisstofnanir og r\u00e9ttarfarskerfi.<\/li>\n<li>Undirrita\u00f0ur ger\u00f0i \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed k\u00f6nnun fyrir h\u00e1lfri \u00f6ld, a\u00f0 25 s\u00fdslumenn h\u00f6f\u00f0u veri\u00f0 skipa\u00f0ir \u00ed emb\u00e6tti af flokksbr\u00f3\u00f0ur \u00e1 vegum d\u00f3msm\u00e1lar\u00e1\u00f0herra Sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0isflokksins, 22 flokksbr\u00e6\u00f0ur \u00e1 vegum d\u00f3msm\u00e1lar\u00e1\u00f0herra Frams\u00f3knarflokksins. Einn var \u00f3flokksbundinn, og einn var gruna\u00f0ur um a\u00f0 vera krati. Enn \u00ed dag koma d\u00f3marar n\u00e6r eing\u00f6ngu \u00far \u00feessum tveimur flokkum. .<\/li>\n<li>\u00deess eru d\u00e6mi, a\u00f0 allir helstu emb\u00e6ttismenn r\u00e1\u00f0uneyta s\u00e9u svarnir andst\u00e6\u00f0ingar r\u00e1\u00f0herra, sem koma \u00far \u00f6\u00f0rum en \u00feessum tveimur flokkum. \u00deetta er m.\u00f6.o. <b>flokksr\u00e6\u00f0iskerfi (e. political nepotism) <\/b>.  en ekki h\u00e6fnisstj\u00f3rnun (e. <b>meritocracy) <\/b>.. \u00deetta er sama kerfi og vi\u00f0gengst v\u00ed\u00f0a \u00ed einr\u00e6\u00f0isr\u00edkjum og \u00feri\u00f0jaheimsr\u00edkjum. Fyrirmyndir a\u00f0 m\u00f6nnun stj\u00f3rns\u00fdslu \u00e1 grundvelli h\u00e6fni m\u00e1 finna v\u00ed\u00f0a, ekki s\u00edst hj\u00e1 Bretum. .<\/li>\n<li><b>FJ\u00d3R\u00d0A VALDI\u00d0: <\/b>.  L\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i getur ekki \u00ferifist \u00e1n vanda\u00f0ra <b>fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0la, sem eru \u00f3h\u00e1\u00f0ir s\u00e9rhagsmunum<\/b>.. Flestir helstu fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lar \u00e1 \u00cdslandi (fyrir utan r\u00edkis\u00fatvarpi\u00f0) eru \u00ed eigu har\u00f0sv\u00edra\u00f0ra s\u00e9rhagsmunah\u00f3pa. Reynslan s\u00fdnir, a\u00f0 \u00feeir hika ekki vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 beita \u00feessum fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lum \u00ed s\u00edna \u00fe\u00e1gu. N\u00fdleg d\u00e6mi, \u00fear sem fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lum er beitt purkunarlaust \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gu d\u00e6mdra gl\u00e6pamanna, eru hrollvekjandi vi\u00f0v\u00f6run um m\u00e1tt fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0la til a\u00f0 grafa undan <b>heilbrig\u00f0u l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i og r\u00e9ttarr\u00edki. <\/b>.  \u00dev\u00ed er haldai\u00f0 fram af m\u00e1lsmetandi m\u00f6nnum,  sem \u00feekkja m\u00e1lavexti, a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 megi heita vonlaust m\u00e1l a\u00f0 n\u00e1 kj\u00f6ri \u00ed helstu kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mum \u00e1 landsbygg\u00f0inni \u00ed andst\u00f6\u00f0u vi\u00f0 kv\u00f3taeigendur \u00fear. Atvinnurekendavaldi\u00f0 er aftur or\u00f0i\u00f0 allsr\u00e1\u00f0andi, eins og fyrir daga verkal\u00fd\u00f0shreyfingarinnar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>STJ\u00d3RNM\u00c1L \u00c1 VALDI S\u00c9RHAGSMUNA:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Tveir flokkar, <b>Sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0is-Frams\u00f3knarflokkurinn<\/b>, hafa veri\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0andi um stj\u00f3rn landsins lengst af \u00e1 l\u00fd\u00f0veldist\u00edmanum, me\u00f0 f\u00e1einum undantekningum. Sagan s\u00fdnir, a\u00f0 \u00feessir tveir flokkar hafa beitt p\u00f3lit\u00edskum v\u00f6ldum til a\u00f0 skipta me\u00f0 s\u00e9r og s\u00ednum forr\u00e6\u00f0i yfir helstu geirum atvinnul\u00edfsins. \u00deetta hefur lengst af \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 um inn- og \u00fatflutning, banka, fj\u00e1rm\u00e1lafyrirt\u00e6ki og tryggingar, sm\u00e1s\u00f6lu, flutninga, ol\u00edu og bens\u00edn, hermangi\u00f0 o.s.frv. <b>Helmingaskiptareglan<\/b> (50\/50% milli \u00feessara flokka) var \u00ed reynd <b>grundvallarregla \u00ed \u00edslenskri stj\u00f3rns\u00fdslu <\/b>\u2013 og er enn, ef a\u00f0 er g\u00e1\u00f0, \u00fe\u00f3tt ekki s\u00e9 h\u00fan eins s\u00fdnileg og \u00e1 d\u00f6gum S\u00cdS.<\/li>\n<li>\u00dea\u00f0 var fyrst og fremst fyrir atbeina <b>Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0uflokksins<\/b> eftir mi\u00f0ja seinustu \u00f6ld, sem reynt var a\u00f0 losa um t\u00f6k \u00feessa flokksr\u00e6\u00f0iskerfis \u00e1 efnahags- og atvinnul\u00edfi \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar. <b>Vi\u00f0reisnin<\/b> (samstj\u00f3rn Sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0is- og Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0uflokks, 1959-71) losa\u00f0i um haftakerfi\u00f0, skr\u00e1\u00f0i gengi\u00f0 r\u00e9tt, opna\u00f0i \u00e1 frelsi \u00ed innflutningsverslun. En vegna r\u00f3tgr\u00f3inna hagsmuna Sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0isflokksins t\u00f3kst ekki a\u00f0 hnekkja helmingaskiptareglunni \u00ed \u00fatflutningi, b\u00f6nkum, fj\u00e1rm\u00e1lastofnunum og sm\u00e1s\u00f6luverslun \u2013 hva\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 heldur landb\u00fana\u00f0arkerfinu, sem var\u00f0 \u00e6 h\u00e1\u00f0ara r\u00edkisframf\u00e6rslu.<\/li>\n<li>Inngangan \u00ed EFTA 1970, a\u00f0 frumkv\u00e6\u00f0i Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0uflokksins, var \u00f6nnur tilraun til a\u00f0 losa um flokksr\u00e6\u00f0isfyrirgrei\u00f0slu \u00ed vi\u00f0skiptum, skv. helmingaskiptareglunni. \u00deri\u00f0ja og st\u00e6rsta tilraunin til a\u00f0 losna vi\u00f0 flokksr\u00e6\u00f0iskerfi\u00f0 var inngangan \u00ed <b>EES<\/b> \u2013 enn og aftur a\u00f0 frumkv\u00e6\u00f0i Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0uflokksins.  Heimamarka\u00f0urinn st\u00e6kka\u00f0i \u00far 300 \u00fe\u00fasund \u00ed 300 millj\u00f3nir (og s\u00ed\u00f0ar meir \u00ed 500 millj\u00f3nir) og laut eftir \u00fea\u00f0 samr\u00e6mdum samkeppnisreglum. Vegna sl\u00e6legrar framkv\u00e6mdar hefur f\u00e1keppni og einokun samt veri\u00f0 l\u00e1tin l\u00ed\u00f0ast \u00ed allt of miklum m\u00e6li. \u00dear er \u00fe\u00f3 fyrst og fremst vi\u00f0 sj\u00e1lf okkur a\u00f0 sakast.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c1ri\u00f0 1995 n\u00e1\u00f0i Sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0is-Frams\u00f3knarflokkurinn aftur h\u00f6ndum saman um stj\u00f3rn landsins \u00ed t\u00f3lf \u00e1r. Innlei\u00f0ing <b>gjafakv\u00f3takerfisins og helmingaskiptin<\/b> um einkav\u00e6\u00f0ingu bankanna lag\u00f0i grunninn a\u00f0 gerspilltu b\u00f3luhagkerfi, sem sprakk me\u00f0 skelfilegum aflei\u00f0ingum fyrir \u00feorra almennings \u00ed <b>Hruninu<\/b> 2008. .<\/li>\n<li>V-stj\u00f3rnin (2009-2013) f\u00e9kk \u00fea\u00f0 verkefni a\u00f0 reisa \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9lagi\u00f0 \u00far r\u00fastum frj\u00e1lshyggjunnar. Sumt ger\u00f0i h\u00fan vel og lag\u00f0i grunn a\u00f0 efnahagsbata, sem s\u00ed\u00f0ar kom \u00ed lj\u00f3s. Hagst\u00e6\u00f0 ytri skilyr\u00f0i hafa hj\u00e1lpa\u00f0 til.  En vinstristj\u00f3rninni, og flokkunum sem a\u00f0 henni st\u00f3\u00f0u,  voru mislag\u00f0ar hendur um <b>st\u00f3ru m\u00e1lin<\/b>, sem skiptu sk\u00f6pum fyrir framt\u00ed\u00f0ina: Skuldavanda heimilanna, au\u00f0lindagjald fyrir einkar\u00e9tt \u00e1 n\u00fdtingu sj\u00e1varau\u00f0lindarinnar, endurreisn bankakerfis \u00e1 sama grunni og \u00e1\u00f0ur og uppgj\u00f6f og kl\u00fa\u00f0ur vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 framfylgja \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0slu um <b>n\u00fdja stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1<\/b>, sem leg\u00f0i grunn a\u00f0 n\u00fdju og heilbrig\u00f0ara samf\u00e9lagi. Aflei\u00f0ingin var mestu kosninga\u00f3sigur l\u00fd\u00f0veldiss\u00f6gunnar. Samfylkingin hefur ekki bori\u00f0 sitt barr s\u00ed\u00f0an.  Vins\u00e6ldir Katr\u00ednar Jakobsd\u00f3ttur hafa ekki duga\u00f0 til a\u00f0 l\u00edfga Vinstri-Gr\u00e6n vi\u00f0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>HVA\u00d0A FJ\u00d3RFLOKKUR?<\/b> \u00dea\u00f0 er, a\u00f0 m\u00ednu mati, galli \u00e1 greiningu h\u00f6fundar, a\u00f0 hann skellir skuldinni af \u00f3f\u00f6rum l\u00fd\u00f0veldisins \u00e1 eitthvert fyrirb\u00e6ri, sem hann kallar Fj\u00f3rflokkinn. Skv. \u00feessari kenningu eiga stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1laflokkar eins og <b>Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0uflokkur og Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ubandalag<\/b> e\u00f0a Samfylking og Vinstri gr\u00e6n, a\u00f0 tilheyra einhverju p\u00f3lit\u00edsku hlutaf\u00e9lagi, sem hann kennir vi\u00f0 fj\u00f3rflokk.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9g var \u00ed t\u00f3lf \u00e1r forma\u00f0ur \u00ed jafna\u00f0armannaflokki, sem kenndi sig vi\u00f0 al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0u. \u00c9g kannast ekki vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0, a\u00f0 s\u00e1 flokkur hafi \u00e1 minni t\u00ed\u00f0 veri\u00f0 handbendi nokkurra s\u00e9rhagsmuna. Sannanlega ekki s\u00e6greifanna \u00ed L\u00cd\u00da; sannanlega ekki landb\u00fana\u00f0arkerfisins; sannanlega ekki S\u00cdF (sem \u00e9g svipti r\u00edkisvernda\u00f0ri einokun); og vi\u00f0 gengum hvorki erinda hagsmuna Vi\u00f0skiptar\u00e1\u00f0s n\u00e9 fyrirgrei\u00f0slupots \u00ed nafni bygg\u00f0astefnu.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u00f0 b\u00f6r\u00f0umst fyrir <b>\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0areign \u00e1 au\u00f0lindum<\/b>  og <b>au\u00f0lindagjaldi<\/b> fyrir n\u00fdtingarr\u00e9tt \u00e1 sj\u00e1varau\u00f0lindinni, sem al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0 m\u00e1 kunnugt vera. \u00c9g veit fyrir v\u00edst, a\u00f0 minn flokkur var ekki partur af neinum fj\u00f3rflokki; \u00fevert \u00e1 m\u00f3ti vorum vi\u00f0 <b>h\u00f6fu\u00f0andst\u00e6\u00f0ingar helmingaskiptareglunnar<\/b>, eins og s\u00f6guleg d\u00e6mi sanna. Skv. minni p\u00f3lit\u00edsku reynslu er \u00fea\u00f0 l\u00edka ofm\u00e6lt, a\u00f0 Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ubandalagi\u00f0 hafi veri\u00f0 partur af hagsmunag\u00e6slu hins meinta fj\u00f3rflokksins.<\/p>\n<h3>SAMSTA\u00d0A UM ALMANNAHAG GEGN S\u00c9RHAGSMUNUM: GEGN AU\u00d0R\u00c6\u00d0I \u2013 FYRIR L\u00dd\u00d0R\u00c6\u00d0I.<\/h3>\n<p>\u00c9g tel, a\u00f0 \u00feessi greining og hugtakanotkun s\u00e9 ekki bara efnislega r\u00f6ng heldur einnig ska\u00f0leg, \u00feegar vi\u00f0 leitum a\u00f0 lausnum \u00e1 s\u00e1larh\u00e1ska hins \u00edslenska l\u00fd\u00f0veldis. M\u00e1 \u00e9g vekja athygli \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed, a\u00f0 \u00f6flugasta umb\u00f3tahreyfing \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gu almannahagsmuna gegn s\u00e9rhagsmunum, <b>Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0uflokkurinn\/Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0usambandi\u00f0<\/b>, fagnar hundra\u00f0 \u00e1ra afm\u00e6li \u00e1 \u00feessu \u00e1ri.<\/p>\n<p>Af \u00feessu tilefni var efnt til afm\u00e6lisfagna\u00f0ar \u00ed I\u00f0n\u00f3 \u00ed mars s.l. og \u00ed framhaldi af \u00fev\u00ed efnt til fyrirlestrarhalds um s\u00f6guleg afrek, mist\u00f6k og \u00f3sigra, \u00feessarar umb\u00f3tahreyfingar. \u00cd \u00feessum fyrirlestrum var \u00fev\u00ed til skila haldi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00f6ll st\u00e6rstu umb\u00f3tam\u00e1l \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1gu almennings, sem n\u00e1\u00f0u fram a\u00f0 ganga \u00e1 \u00f6ldinni sem lei\u00f0, voru borin fram til sigurs gegn har\u00f0ri andst\u00f6\u00f0u \u00edhaldsafla, af <b>stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1laarmi \u00feessarar hreyfingar \u2013 Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0uflokknum:<\/b> Vi\u00f0rukenning \u00e1 samningsr\u00e9tti st\u00e9ttaf\u00e9laga, takmarkanir \u00e1 vinnut\u00edma (t.d. v\u00f6kul\u00f6g), heildarl\u00f6ggj\u00f6f um vinnumarka\u00f0, l\u00f6ggj\u00f6f um f\u00e9lagslegar lausnir \u00ed h\u00fasn\u00e6\u00f0ism\u00e1lum (verkamannab\u00fasta\u00f0ir), almannatryggingar (sj\u00fakra-, elli-, slysa- og \u00f6rorkutryggingar), atvinnuleysistryggingar, l\u00f6g um launajafnr\u00e9tti karla og kvenna, skattkerfisbyltingin 1987 (sem endurreisti tekjustofna velfer\u00f0akerfisins), og sta\u00f0grei\u00f0sla skatta, barna-og fj\u00f6lskyldub\u00e6tur, fyrir utan merkustu umb\u00e6turnar \u00e1 menntakerfi \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar, undir forystu Gylfa \u00de. G\u00edslasonar formanns Al\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0uflokksins.<\/p>\n<p>\u00deetta eru bara nokkur d\u00e6mi, sem segja mikla s\u00f6gu.  Allt hefur \u00feetta \u00e1unnist vegna bar\u00e1ttu hreyfingar fyrir <b>almannahagsmunum gegn s\u00e9rhagsmunum<\/b>. \u00dea\u00f0 stenst ekki d\u00f3m s\u00f6gunnar a\u00f0 kenna \u00feessa hreyfingu vi\u00f0 hagsmunabandalag helmingaskiptaflokkanna, \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 sundurlyndi vinstri hreyfingarinnar hafi neytt hana til m\u00e1lami\u00f0lana vi\u00f0 \u00f6nnur stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1la\u00f6fl, oft \u00ed veikri st\u00f6\u00f0u.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dea\u00f0 er l\u00edka h\u00e6tt vi\u00f0, a\u00f0 \u00feessi hugtakanotkun spilli fyrir samst\u00f6\u00f0u meirihluta \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar um <b>f\u00e1ar en st\u00f3rar og r\u00f3tt\u00e6kar umb\u00e6tur<\/b> \u00e1 grundvallaratri\u00f0um stj\u00f3rnskipunar (n\u00fd stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1, jafn atkv\u00e6\u00f0isr\u00e9ttur, \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0i um st\u00f3rm\u00e1l og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0areign \u00e1 au\u00f0lindum), sem \u00fearf a\u00f0 n\u00e1st fyrir n\u00e6stu kosningar. <b>Vinstri\u00f0 \u00fearf a\u00f0 l\u00e6ra af h\u00e6grinu um a\u00f0 sameinast um f\u00e1 st\u00f3r m\u00e1l, sem skipta sk\u00f6pum<\/b> \u2013 en l\u00e1ta minni h\u00e1ttar \u00e1greiningsm\u00e1l liggja milli hluta.<\/p>\n<h3>HVA\u00d0 ER TIL R\u00c1\u00d0A?<\/h3>\n<blockquote><p><i>\u201e\u00c9g er b\u00fainn a\u00f0 fylgjast me\u00f0 \u00feessu \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9lagi \u00ed 50 \u00e1r. \u00deetta er \u00f3ge\u00f0slegt \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0f\u00e9lag. \u00deetta er allt \u00f3ge\u00f0slegt. \u00dea\u00f0 eru engin princip, \u00fea\u00f0 eru engar hugsj\u00f3nir, \u00fea\u00f0 er ekki neitt. \u00dea\u00f0 er bara t\u00e6kif\u00e6rismennska, valdabar\u00e1tta\u201c.<\/i> \u2013 (Styrmir Gunnarsson, ritstj\u00f3ri Mbl. \u00ed sk\u00fdrslu Ranns\u00f3knarnefndar Al\u00feingis (RNA), apr\u00edl 2010, &#8211; sj\u00e1 bls. 37).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>H\u00f6fundur b\u00f3karinnar leggur fram fj\u00f6lmargar till\u00f6gur til \u00farb\u00f3ta (sj\u00e1 vi\u00f0auka, bls. 89-91). \u00deetta eru r\u00f3tt\u00e6kar breytingar, sem kj\u00f3sendur \u00e6ttu a\u00f0 kynna s\u00e9r fyrir n\u00e6stu forseta- og al\u00feingiskosningar.  \u00c9g l\u00e6t \u00fe\u00e6r flj\u00f3ta h\u00e9r me\u00f0, a\u00f0 v\u00edsu eil\u00edti\u00f0 \u00ed annarri r\u00f6\u00f0 en hj\u00e1 h\u00f6fundi.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9g legg a\u00f0 lokum til, a\u00f0 till\u00f6gunum ver\u00f0i ra\u00f0a\u00f0 upp <b>eftir mikilv\u00e6gi<\/b> \u00ed annarri r\u00f6\u00f0, e\u00f0a sem h\u00e9r segir:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>N\u00fd stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1.<\/b> F\u00f6rum a\u00f0 ford\u00e6mi Frakka. Endurreisum l\u00fd\u00f0veldi\u00f0 \u00e1 traustum grundvelli l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0is me\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnfestu. Einn ma\u00f0ur eitt atkv\u00e6\u00f0i. Landi\u00f0 eitt kj\u00f6rd\u00e6mi. Pers\u00f3nukj\u00f6r gegn flokksr\u00e6\u00f0i.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0i.<\/b> Tiltekinn minnihluti \u00feingmanna og l\u00e1gmarkshlutfall kj\u00f3senda f\u00e1i stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1rvarinn r\u00e9tt til a\u00f0 v\u00edsa m\u00e1lum \u00ed \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0i. \u00dear me\u00f0 n\u00e1st st\u00f3rm\u00e1l, sem var\u00f0a almannahagsmuni, \u00far g\u00edslingu s\u00e9rhagsmuna. Al\u00feingi losnar undan m\u00e1l\u00fe\u00f3fs\u00e1r\u00e1ttu \u00ed t\u00edma og \u00f3t\u00edma. L\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i me\u00f0 skilvirkni.<\/li>\n<li><b>Gegn r\u00e1\u00f0herrar\u00e6\u00f0i.<\/b> \u00deingmenn sem ver\u00f0a r\u00e1\u00f0herrar v\u00edki af \u00feingi, og varamenn taki s\u00e6ti \u00feeirra. \u00deetta styrkir l\u00f6ggjafarsamkomuna, \u00feingr\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 gegn r\u00e1\u00f0herrar\u00e6\u00f0inu. Getur stu\u00f0la\u00f0 a\u00f0 vali r\u00e1\u00f0herra utan \u00feings \u00e1 grundvelli s\u00e9rfr\u00e6\u00f0i\u00feekkingar e\u00f0a \u00e1rangurs \u00ed forystuhlutverkum \u00ed atvinnul\u00edfi og stj\u00f3rnun.<\/li>\n<li><b>Undirb\u00faningur l\u00f6ggjafar<\/b>  \u2013 frumvarpssm\u00ed\u00f0 \u2013 f\u00e6rist fr\u00e1 r\u00e1\u00f0uneytum til A\u00feingis. Fleiri s\u00e9rfr\u00e6\u00f0ingar \u00e1 \u00fdmsum svi\u00f0um starfi \u00fe\u00e1 hj\u00e1 l\u00f6ggjafarsamkomunni. Frumkv\u00e6\u00f0i a\u00f0 lagasm\u00ed\u00f0 flyst fr\u00e1 r\u00e1\u00f0uneytum til \u00feingsins (\u00feingflokka).<\/li>\n<li><b>\u00deingm\u00f6nnum ver\u00f0i f\u00e6kka\u00f0<\/b>  (t.d. \u00ed 51) en \u00feeir f\u00e1i a\u00f0sto\u00f0armenn til a\u00f0sto\u00f0ar \u00ed l\u00f6ggjafarstarfi.<\/li>\n<li><b>Launakj\u00f6r \u00feingmanna <\/b> ver\u00f0i b\u00e6tt til samr\u00e6mis vi\u00f0 raunverulegan vinnut\u00edma.<\/li>\n<li><b>L\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0isstofa<\/b>  taki vi\u00f0 af p\u00f3lit\u00edskt skipu\u00f0um kj\u00f6rstj\u00f3rnum. H\u00fan beri \u00e1byrg\u00f0 \u00e1 framkv\u00e6md \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0slna, uppl\u00fdsingum um l\u00f6ggj\u00f6f til almennings og mi\u00f0li fr\u00e6\u00f0slu til sk\u00f3lakerfis um l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islega stj\u00f3rnarh\u00e6tti.<\/li>\n<li><b>Samfelld seta<\/b>  \u00feingmanna ver\u00f0i takm\u00f6rku\u00f0 vi\u00f0 2-3 kj\u00f6rt\u00edmabil. Tilgangurinn er a\u00f0 draga \u00far l\u00edkum \u00e1 myndun p\u00f3lit\u00edskrar yfirst\u00e9ttar. \u00deingmennska \u00e1 a\u00f0 vera borgaraleg skylda en t\u00edmabundin (eins og \u00ed A\u00feenu for\u00f0um).<\/li>\n<li><b>L\u00f6ga\u00f0ilum<\/b>  (fyrirt\u00e6kjum) ver\u00f0i me\u00f0 l\u00f6gum banna\u00f0 a\u00f0 fj\u00e1rmagna flokka og frambj\u00f3\u00f0endur, a\u00f0 vi\u00f0l\u00f6g\u00f0um \u00feungum refsingum.<\/li>\n<li><b>Starfst\u00edmi \u00feingsins<\/b>  \u00e1 \u00e1ri hverju ver\u00f0i lengdur til a\u00f0 koma \u00ed veg fyrir flj\u00f3tf\u00e6rni og flumbrugang \u00ed t\u00edma\u00fer\u00f6ng. N\u00e6turfundir ver\u00f0i banna\u00f0ir. Reynt ver\u00f0i a\u00f0 gera \u00feingmannsstarfi\u00f0 fj\u00f6lskylduv\u00e6nt.<\/li>\n<li>Byggt ver\u00f0i yfir Al\u00feingi, \u00feannig a\u00f0 starfsa\u00f0sta\u00f0a og t\u00e6knib\u00fana\u00f0ur ver\u00f0i samb\u00e6rilegur vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 sem t\u00ed\u00f0kast hj\u00e1 vel reknu fyrirt\u00e6ki.<\/li>\n<li><b>Almanna\u00fej\u00f3nustuhlutverk<\/b>  R\u00edkis\u00fatvarpsins ver\u00f0i tryggt \u00ed reynd me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 gera \u00fea\u00f0 fj\u00e1rhagslega sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6tt til langs t\u00edma. Settar veri\u00f0 skor\u00f0ur vi\u00f0 p\u00f3lit\u00edskri \u00edhlutun um fr\u00e9ttaflutning og  og almenningsfr\u00e6\u00f0slu. Eignarhald au\u00f0hringa \u00e1 fj\u00f6lmi\u00f0lum ver\u00f0i banna\u00f0 me\u00f0 l\u00f6gum.<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00de\u00f3r Saari: Hva\u00f0 er eiginlega a\u00f0 \u00feessu Al\u00feingi? Skrudda, 2016.<\/p>\n<h3>ALMENNT:<\/H3> Vi\u00f0 lestur kversins kom m\u00e9r \u00ed hug h\u00fasgangur eftir \u00f3\u00feekktan h\u00f6fund \u2013  en \u00ed anda K\u00e1ins: (\u00deetta er ekki \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0r\u00e6kni \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0an af s\u00ed\u00f0ur gu\u00f0r\u00e6kni \u2013 heldur \u00edslensk heiftr\u00e6kni \u2013 og helv\u00edtis b\u00f6lvu\u00f0 langr\u00e6kni). P\u00f3lit\u00edska \u00fatg\u00e1fan \u00ed anda K\u00e1ins er hins vegar svona (og g\u00e6ti \u00feess vegna veri\u00f0 mott\u00f3 fyrir b\u00f3kina): \u00deetta er ekki \u00feingr\u00e6\u00f0i \u2013 \u00fea\u00f0an af s\u00ed\u00f0ur l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i \u2013 heldur bara br\u00e1\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i \u2013 og b\u00f6lva\u00f0  endemis fl\u00e1r\u00e6\u00f0i.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e9r s\u00fdnist <b>\u00feungami\u00f0jan<\/b> \u00ed gagnr\u00fdni \u00de\u00f3rs sn\u00faast um tvennt: Annars vegar er b\u00e6kla\u00f0 l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i (l\u00edkt og \u00ed \u00feri\u00f0ja l\u00fd\u00f0veldinu franska fyrir endurkomu De Gaulles). Veigamikil r\u00f6k eru f\u00e6r\u00f0 fyrir \u00fev\u00ed, a\u00f0 l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i ver\u00f0i ekki vaki\u00f0 aftur til l\u00edfsins nema me\u00f0 r\u00f3tt\u00e6kri uppstokkun \u00e1 grundvelli n\u00fdrrar stj\u00f3rnarskr\u00e1r. Hin \u00feungami\u00f0jan er gagnr\u00fdni \u00e1 stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1l undir h\u00e6l har\u00f0sv\u00edra\u00f0ra s\u00e9rhagsmuna, sem r\u00e1\u00f0a \u00fev\u00ed, sem \u00feeir vilja r\u00e1\u00f0a. \u00deetta kallast \u00e1 ensku <b>\u201ecrony-capitalism\u201c<\/b>, sem b\u00e6tist vi\u00f0 fr\u00e6ndhygli okkar hef\u00f0bundna \u00e6ttasamf\u00e9lags. Helmingaskiptareglan \u2013 sem s\u00ed\u00f0ar er viki\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u2013 sta\u00f0festir \u00feetta. \u00cd skj\u00f3li hennar \u00fer\u00edfst meiri spilling en s\u00e9\u00f0 ver\u00f0ur me\u00f0 berum augum (v\u00f6ntun \u00e1 gagns\u00e6i). Afhj\u00fapun spillingarinnar samkv\u00e6mt Panamaskj\u00f6lunum ver\u00f0ur fastur li\u00f0ur eins og venjulega n\u00e6stu vikur og m\u00e1nu\u00f0i. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1384","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-allar_greinar","category-greinar_og_vidtol"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1384","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1384"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1384\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2663,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1384\/revisions\/2663"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1384"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1384"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1384"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}