P\u00f3lit\u00edska landslagi\u00f0 \u00ed Evr\u00f3pu haf\u00f0i teki\u00f0 st\u00f6kkbreytingum. \u00cd n\u00f3vember, \u00e1ri\u00f0 \u00e1\u00f0ur, haf\u00f0i Berl\u00ednarm\u00farinn veri\u00f0 rifinn ni\u00f0ur. \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0ir Mi\u00f0- og Austur Evr\u00f3pu voru \u00ed \u00f3\u00f0a \u00f6nn a\u00f0 losna undan oki Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjanna. \u00cd P\u00f3llandi r\u00e9\u00f0i Solidarnosc<\/i>; \u00cd Prag var \u00fea\u00f0 flauelsbyltingin. Fri\u00f0samleg endursameining \u00de\u00fdskalands var a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a a\u00f0 veruleika. \u201eGlasnost<\/i>\u201c (opnunin) og \u201ePerestroika<\/i>\u201c (kerfisbreyting), hin p\u00f3lit\u00edsku v\u00f6rumerki Gorbachevs<\/b>, v\u00f6ktu m\u00f6rgum vonir um l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegar umb\u00e6tur innan Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjanna. Loksins var veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 binda endi \u00e1 seinni heimstyrj\u00f6ldina \u00ed Mi\u00f0- og Austur Evr\u00f3pu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
Kaupmannahafnarfundurinn var haldinn t\u00e6pum \u00feremur m\u00e1nu\u00f0um eftir a\u00f0 Lith\u00e1ar h\u00f6f\u00f0u l\u00fdst yfir endurheimt sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0is. \u00cd Eistlandi og Lettlandi h\u00f6f\u00f0u einnig fari\u00f0 fram l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegar kosningar til \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0\u00feinga og \u00feingr\u00e6\u00f0islega kj\u00f6rnar r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rnir h\u00f6f\u00f0u veri\u00f0 mynda\u00f0ar. Tvennar t\u00e1knmyndir \u00far sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0isbar\u00e1ttunni h\u00f6f\u00f0u vaki\u00f0 heimsathygli. S\u00fa fyrri var \u201eSyngjandi byltingin<\/i>\u201c \u00ed j\u00fan\u00ed 1988; hin s\u00fdndi meira en millj\u00f3n manns, sem h\u00e9ldust \u00ed hendur<\/i> \u00fevert yfir landam\u00e6rin fr\u00e1 Tallinn \u00ed nor\u00f0ri til Viln\u00edus \u00ed Su\u00f0ri, \u00ed \u00e1g\u00fast 1989. Hvort tveggja var t\u00e1knmynd um \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0lega vakningu og grasr\u00f3tarl\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0i.<\/p>\n
Lei\u00f0togar vestr\u00e6nna l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0isr\u00edkja vegs\u00f6mu\u00f0u sigur l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0isins \u00ed r\u00e6\u00f0um s\u00ednum \u00ed nafni mannr\u00e9ttinda og sj\u00e1lfs\u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unarr\u00e9ttar \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a. En stundum er bili\u00f0 milli m\u00e6lskubrag\u00f0a og rauns\u00e6isstj\u00f3rnm\u00e1la n\u00e6stum \u00fev\u00ed \u00f3br\u00faanlegt. Veruleikinn, eins og hann blasti vi\u00f0 bak vi\u00f0 tj\u00f6ldin, var allur annar. Bandar\u00edkin t\u00f6ldu sig eiga allt undir \u00fev\u00ed, a\u00f0 Gorbachev h\u00e9ldi v\u00f6ldum \u00ed Kreml. \u00dea\u00f0 var miki\u00f0 \u00ed h\u00fafi<\/i>: vonir manna um l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegar umb\u00e6tur innan Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjanna; endurheimt sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0is \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a Mi\u00f0- og Austur Evr\u00f3pu, \u00e1n bl\u00f3\u00f0s\u00fathellinga; samningar risaveldanna um gagnkv\u00e6ma afvopnun og samdr\u00e1tt herafla. Str\u00ed\u00f0 e\u00f0a fri\u00f0ur.<\/p>\n
Endalok v\u00edgb\u00fana\u00f0arkapphlaupsins var forsenda \u00feess, a\u00f0 Gorbachev g\u00e6ti gert s\u00e9r vonir um a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta b\u00e1gborin l\u00edfskj\u00f6r heima fyrir. Fri\u00f0samleg endursameining \u00de\u00fdskalands, sem yr\u00f0i \u00e1fram innan v\u00e9banda NATO, var algerlega komin undir velvild Gorbachevs<\/i>. \u00de\u00fdska r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rnin kosta\u00f0i heimflutning hern\u00e1msli\u00f0s R\u00fassa og greiddi a\u00f0 auki f\u00falgur fj\u00e1r til a\u00f0 grei\u00f0a fyrir \u00feessari lausn. B\u00e6\u00f0i Bandar\u00edkjamenn og \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0verjar litu \u00e1 Gorbachev sem samstarfsa\u00f0ila vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 binda endi \u00e1 kalda str\u00ed\u00f0i\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 var vi\u00f0tekin viska me\u00f0al r\u00e1\u00f0andi afla \u00e1 Vesturl\u00f6ndum, a\u00f0 ekkert m\u00e6tti segja e\u00f0a gera, sem g\u00e6ti spillt samstarfinu vi\u00f0 Sov\u00e9tlei\u00f0togann, e\u00f0a stefnt valdast\u00f6\u00f0u hans \u00ed vo\u00f0a<\/i>. V\u00e6ri Gorbachev steypt af st\u00f3li, mundu har\u00f0l\u00ednumennirnir n\u00e1 aftur v\u00f6ldum. \u00cd versta tilviki mundi \u00fea\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0a afturhvarf til kalda str\u00ed\u00f0sins e\u00f0a jafnvel vopnu\u00f0 \u00e1t\u00f6k \u00ed Austur Evr\u00f3pu.<\/p>\n
\u00dea\u00f0 var \u00feess vegna sem Bush eldri<\/b>, Bandar\u00edkjaforseti, h\u00e9lt til K\u00e6nugar\u00f0s \u00ed \u00dakra\u00ednu \u00ed febr\u00faar 1990 og skora\u00f0i \u00e1 \u00dakra\u00ednumenn a\u00f0 hafna \u201e\u00f6fga\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernisstefnu\u201c; og a\u00f0 halda Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjunum saman, \u00ed nafni st\u00f6\u00f0ugleikans. R\u00e6\u00f0an s\u00fa hef\u00f0i heldur betur falli\u00f0 \u00ed krami\u00f0 hj\u00e1 P\u00fat\u00edn, hef\u00f0i h\u00fan veri\u00f0 flutt \u00e1 Maidan-torginu \u00feessa dagana. \u00dea\u00f0 var \u00feess vegna<\/i> sem Baker<\/b>, utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herra Bandar\u00edkjanna, heims\u00f3tti Milosovich<\/b> \u00ed Belgrad og hvatti hann til a\u00f0 halda J\u00fag\u00f3slav\u00edu saman \u2013 \u00ed nafni st\u00f6\u00f0ugleikans. \u00dea\u00f0 var \u00feess vegna sem Kohl<\/b> kanslari og Mitterand<\/b> forseti skrifu\u00f0u Landsbergis<\/b>, lei\u00f0toga sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0ishreyfingar Lith\u00e1a sameiginlegt br\u00e9f, \u00fear sem \u00feeir l\u00f6g\u00f0u fast a\u00f0 honum a\u00f0 fresta \u00fev\u00ed, a\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0isyfirl\u00fdsing Lith\u00e1a t\u00e6ki gildi; og a\u00f0 fallast \u00feess \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00e1 samningavi\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0ur vi\u00f0 Sov\u00e9tmenn \u00e1n skilyr\u00f0a. Og \u00fea\u00f0 var \u00feess vegna<\/i> sem n\u00fdskipu\u00f0um utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herrum Eystrasaltsr\u00edkjanna \u00feriggja, sem haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 bo\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00e1varpa Kaupmannahafnarfundinn, var skyndilega banna\u00f0ur a\u00f0gangur og \u00feeir ger\u00f0ir brottr\u00e6kir. \u00deeir fengu ekki einu sinni a\u00f0 standa fyrir m\u00e1li s\u00ednu \u00e1 \u00feessari mannr\u00e9ttindasamkundu, af \u00f3tta vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 Sov\u00e9tmenn mundu \u00fe\u00e1 strunsa brott. Og a\u00f0 \u00fear me\u00f0 v\u00e6ri fri\u00f0arferli\u00f0 fyrir b\u00ed<\/i>.<\/p>\n2.<\/h3>\n
Gestgjafi Kaupmannahafnarfundarins, Uffe Elleman Jensen<\/b>, utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herra Dana, fann sig nau\u00f0beyg\u00f0an a\u00f0 l\u00faffa fyrir \u00feeirri h\u00f3tun Sov\u00e9tmanna, a\u00f0 \u00feeir f\u00e6ru \u00fat, ef utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herrum Eystrasalts\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0anna yr\u00f0i hleypt inn. \u00deegar \u00feetta spur\u00f0ist, fannst m\u00e9r, a\u00f0 ekki yr\u00f0i undan \u00fev\u00ed vikist a\u00f0 reyna a\u00f0 gefa hugtakinu \u201esamsta\u00f0a sm\u00e1\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a<\/i>\u201c merkingu og gildi. Hven\u00e6r er \u00fea\u00f0 nau\u00f0synlegt, ef ekki \u00feegar st\u00f3rveldahagsmunir ganga \u00fevert \u00e1 grundvallarreglur \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arr\u00e9ttar og mannr\u00e9ttinda? \u00dea\u00f0 var \u00feess vegna<\/i> sem \u00e9g lag\u00f0i fyrirframsamda r\u00e6\u00f0u til hli\u00f0ar og \u00e1kva\u00f0 a\u00f0 lj\u00e1 r\u00f6dd m\u00edna \u00feeim, sem h\u00f6f\u00f0u veri\u00f0 sviptir m\u00e1lfrelsi. Samkv\u00e6mt \u00fatskrift fr\u00e1 danska utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0uneytinu sag\u00f0i \u00e9g m.a. eftirfarandi:<\/p>\n \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 vill svo til, a\u00f0 forseti Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjanna, Michael Gorbachev, gegnir n\u00fa mikilv\u00e6gara hlutverki en nokkur annar stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lalei\u00f0togi \u00e1 eftirstr\u00ed\u00f0st\u00edmanum. Hann hefur gerst bo\u00f0beri fri\u00f0samlegra umb\u00f3ta. S\u00fa \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un hans a\u00f0 beita ekki valdi til a\u00f0 k\u00e6fa l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0isbyltinguna \u00ed Austur Evr\u00f3pu \u00ed f\u00e6\u00f0ingu, hefur skipt sk\u00f6pum<\/i>. En hvert eitt skref, sem hann tekur h\u00e9r eftir, getur bo\u00f0i\u00f0 h\u00e6ttunni heim. S\u00fa sta\u00f0reynd, a\u00f0 l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegar umb\u00e6tur og efnahagsleg uppstokkun innan Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjanna, hafa l\u00e1ti\u00f0 \u00e1 s\u00e9r standa, eykur l\u00edkur \u00e1 p\u00f3lit\u00edskri upplausn. Valdbeiting \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed skyni a\u00f0 brj\u00f3ta \u00e1 bak aftur sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0isbar\u00e1ttu Eystrasalts\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a mun kollvarpa \u00f6llu \u00fev\u00ed, sem \u00e1unnist hefur hinga\u00f0 til \u00ed frelsis- og fri\u00f0ar\u00e1tt.<\/p>\n Vi\u00f0 megum ekki l\u00e1ta eins og vi\u00f0 s\u00e9um nau\u00f0beyg\u00f0 til a\u00f0 f\u00f3rna l\u00f6gm\u00e6tum r\u00e9ttindum Eystrasalts\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed skyni a\u00f0 bjarga fri\u00f0arferlinu. Mannr\u00e9ttindi og sj\u00e1lfs\u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unarr\u00e9ttur \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a eru \u00f3a\u00f0skiljanlegar grundvallarreglur. \u00dea\u00f0 er ekki okkar a\u00f0 \u00fatb\u00fdta \u00feessum g\u00e6\u00f0um sem forr\u00e9ttindum til sumra, en neita \u00f6\u00f0rum a\u00f0 nj\u00f3ta, eftir ge\u00f0\u00fe\u00f3tta. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00f3umdeilanleg s\u00f6guleg sta\u00f0reynd, a\u00f0 Eystrasalts\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0irnar voru sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0 r\u00edki, sem nutu vi\u00f0urkenningar al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0asamf\u00e9lagsins, \u00fe.\u00e1.m. Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjanna sj\u00e1lfra. \u00cd seinni heimstyrj\u00f6ldinni m\u00e1ttu \u00feau \u00feola innr\u00e1s og hern\u00e1m beggja, \u00fe\u00fdskra nazista og Sov\u00e9tmanna, og voru a\u00f0 lokum innlimu\u00f0 \u00ed Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkin me\u00f0 \u00f3l\u00f6gm\u00e6tum h\u00e6tti\u201d.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n \u00deegar \u00e9g steig ni\u00f0ur \u00far r\u00e6\u00f0up\u00faltinu, st\u00f6kk ma\u00f0ur \u00ed veg fyrir mig, fa\u00f0ma\u00f0i mig a\u00f0 s\u00e9r og sag\u00f0i: \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 eru forr\u00e9ttindi a\u00f0 vera fulltr\u00fai sm\u00e1\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar og mega \u00feess vegna segja sannleikann<\/i>\u201c. \u00deetta var Max Kampelmann<\/b>, fr\u00e6gur Sov\u00e9tfr\u00e6\u00f0ingur og samningama\u00f0ur af h\u00e1lfu Bandar\u00edkjastj\u00f3rnar. Sem \u00e9g stefndi a\u00f0 s\u00e6ti m\u00ednu \u00ed salnum, gekk \u00ed veg fyrir mig \u00ferekvaxinn ma\u00f0ur, steytti a\u00f0 m\u00e9r hnefann og hr\u00f3pa\u00f0i: \u201eSkammastu \u00fe\u00edn, J\u00f3n Baldvin; \u00dea\u00f0 var ekki eitt satt or\u00f0 \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed, sem \u00fe\u00fa sag\u00f0ir um Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkin \u00ed \u00feessari r\u00e6\u00f0u<\/i>\u201c. \u00deetta var Yuri Rhesetov<\/b>, s\u00ed\u00f0ar sendiherra R\u00fasslands \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk, en \u00fe\u00e1 \u00ed samninganefnd Sov\u00e9tmanna \u00ed Genf. \u2013 Eftir \u00feessi vi\u00f0br\u00f6g\u00f0 hugsa\u00f0i \u00e9g me\u00f0 m\u00e9r: \u00dar \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 bandar\u00edski fulltr\u00fainn skammast s\u00edn og s\u00e1 sov\u00e9ski missti stj\u00f3rn \u00e1 skapi s\u00ednu, er \u00e9g tr\u00falega \u00e1 r\u00e9ttri lei\u00f0.<\/p>\n Jan\u00faar 1991 skipti sk\u00f6pum. \u00deann 8. jan\u00faar var \u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0un tekin \u00ed Kreml \u2013 me\u00f0 vitund og vilja Gorbachevs \u2013 a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 yr\u00f0i a\u00f0 koma \u00ed veg fyrir, a\u00f0 Eystrasalts\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir seg\u00f0u skili\u00f0 vi\u00f0 Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkin, me\u00f0 valdi, ef nau\u00f0syn kref\u00f0i. \u00cd \u00e1\u00e6tluninni f\u00f3lst a\u00f0 b\u00faa til \u00e1rekstra milli \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernish\u00f3pa til \u00feess a\u00f0 r\u00e9ttl\u00e6ta herna\u00f0ar\u00edhlutun. S\u00ed\u00f0an yr\u00f0i l\u00fdst yfir ney\u00f0ar\u00e1standi. Moskva t\u00e6ki stj\u00f3rn m\u00e1la \u00ed s\u00ednar hendur til \u00feess a\u00f0 vernda \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernisminnihluta og koma \u00e1 l\u00f6gum og reglu. \u00dear me\u00f0 f\u00f3ru skri\u00f0drekarnir af sta\u00f0. Allt hlj\u00f3mar \u00feetta kunnuglega \u00feessi d\u00e6grin \u2013 ekki satt?<\/p>\n A\u00f0fararn\u00f3tt 12. jan\u00faar var \u00e9g vakinn me\u00f0 s\u00edmtali fr\u00e1 Vilnius. Landsbergis var \u00e1 l\u00ednunni og var miki\u00f0 ni\u00f0ri fyrir. Hann sag\u00f0i: \u201c\u00deeir \u00e6tla a\u00f0 brj\u00f3ta okkur \u00e1 bak aftur. Ef \u00fe\u00fa meinar eitthva\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed, sem \u00fe\u00fa hefur veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 segja a\u00f0 undanf\u00f6rnu til varnar okkar m\u00e1lsta\u00f0, komdu \u00fe\u00e1 strax til Vilniusar. N\u00e6rvera utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herra fr\u00e1 NATO-r\u00edki skiptir m\u00e1li<\/i>\u201d. \u00dea\u00f0 t\u00f3k nokkra daga a\u00f0 f\u00e1 visa fr\u00e1 sov\u00e9ska sendir\u00e1\u00f0inu. \u00c9g komst ekki \u00e1 sta\u00f0inn fyrr en \u00feann 16da – \u00feremur d\u00f6gum eftir bl\u00f3\u00f0ba\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00ed Vilnius \u2013 og heims\u00f3tti Riga og Tallinn \u00ed lei\u00f0inni.<\/p>\n \u00c9g ver\u00f0 aldrei svo gamall , a\u00f0 \u00e9g gleymi \u00feessum d\u00f6gum. F\u00f3lki\u00f0 fyllti torg og str\u00e6ti, h\u00e9lst \u00ed hendur og s\u00f6ng \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0s\u00f6ngva vi\u00f0 var\u00f0elda \u00ed vetrarkuldanum. \u00dearna var\u00f0 \u00e9g vitni a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed, a\u00f0 \u00feessar \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir, vopnlausar, einar og yfirgefnar, st\u00f3\u00f0u \u00ed vegi fyrir skri\u00f0drekum valdsins, \u00ed nafni frelsisins, mannlegrar reisnar og sj\u00e1lfsvir\u00f0ingar. \u00dea\u00f0 voru forr\u00e9ttindi a\u00f0 f\u00e1 a\u00f0 vera me\u00f0 \u00feessu f\u00f3lki \u00feessa \u00f6rlagar\u00edku daga. \u00c9g sannf\u00e6r\u00f0ist um \u00fea\u00f0, a\u00f0 ef hin sov\u00e9sku hern\u00e1msyfirv\u00f6ld hef\u00f0u ekki gugna\u00f0 \u00e1 seinustu stundu, hef\u00f0i \u00feetta enda\u00f0 \u00ed \u00f3l\u00fdsanlegu bl\u00f3\u00f0ba\u00f0i.<\/p>\n Mundu lei\u00f0togar Vesturveldanna gr\u00edpa \u00ed taumana<\/i>? Lei\u00f0togar sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0ishreyfinga \u00feessara \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a voru ekki haldnir neinni sl\u00edkri sj\u00e1lfblekkingu. \u00deann 16. jan\u00faar hrundu Bandar\u00edkin af sta\u00f0 \u201cOperation Desert Storm\u201d til \u00feess a\u00f0 reka Saddam Hussein<\/b> \u00fat \u00far Kuwait. \u00dea\u00f0 var hvorki \u00ed fyrsta n\u00e9 s\u00ed\u00f0ata skipti\u00f0, sem yfirr\u00e1\u00f0 yfir ol\u00edulindum hafa or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u201ccasus belli<\/i>\u201d. Sov\u00e9tmenn voru bandamenn \u00cdraka. Bandar\u00edkjastj\u00f3rn var mj\u00f6g \u00ed mun a\u00f0 Sov\u00e9tmenn mundu ekki skerast \u00ed leikinn \u00ed \u00cdrak. \u00deeir \u00e1ttu \u00fea\u00f0 undir velvild Gorbachevs.<\/p>\n \u00deegar \u00edslenska r\u00edkisstj\u00f3rnin m\u00f3tm\u00e6lti valdbeitingu Sov\u00e9tmanna \u00ed Eystrasaltsl\u00f6ndum og skora\u00f0i \u00e1 \u00d6ryggisr\u00e1\u00f0 Sameinu\u00f0u \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0anna a\u00f0 koma \u00feegar \u00ed sta\u00f0 saman til a\u00f0 st\u00f6\u00f0va frekari valdbeitingu, l\u00fdstu Sov\u00e9menn van\u00fe\u00f3knun sinni me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 kalla heim sendiherra sinn fr\u00e1 Reykjav\u00edk. \u00dea\u00f0 er venjulega s\u00ed\u00f0asta skrefi\u00f0, \u00e1\u00f0ur en stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lasambandi er sliti\u00f0. \u00cdslenski sendiherrann \u00ed Moskvu var kalla\u00f0ur \u00e1 teppi\u00f0 til \u00feess a\u00f0 taka vi\u00f0 har\u00f0or\u00f0um m\u00f3tm\u00e6lum gegn \u00edhlutun \u00cdslands um sov\u00e9sk innanr\u00edkism\u00e1l. \u00deetta gefur m\u00e9r tilefni til tveggja athugasemda:<\/p>\n \u00dea\u00f0 var \u00e1 \u00feessum t\u00edma \u00fatbreidd sko\u00f0un, a\u00f0 \u00cdsland, \u00f6fugt vi\u00f0 a\u00f0rar Nor\u00f0urlanda\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir t.d., g\u00e6ti sta\u00f0i\u00f0 uppi \u00ed h\u00e1rinu \u00e1 Sov\u00e9tstj\u00f3rninni, \u00e1n nokkurrar \u00e1h\u00e6ttu. \u00dev\u00ed f\u00f3r fjarri. Hlutur Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjanna \u00ed utanr\u00edkisvi\u00f0skiptum \u00cdslands var s\u00e1 h\u00e6sti \u00ed Evr\u00f3pu \u2013 fyrir utan Finland. \u00deegar Bretar settu vi\u00f0skiptabann \u00e1 \u00cdslendinga, snemma \u00e1 sj\u00f6tta \u00e1ratugnum, \u00ed m\u00f3tm\u00e6laskyni vi\u00f0 \u00fatf\u00e6rslu \u00edslensku fiskvei\u00f0il\u00f6gs\u00f6gunnar \u00ed \u00e1f\u00f6ngum \u2013 br\u00e1st Sov\u00e9tstj\u00f3rnin vi\u00f0 me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0ast til a\u00f0 kaupa allar \u00fe\u00e6r sj\u00e1varafur\u00f0ir, sem \u00cdsland vildi selja. \u00cd sta\u00f0inn kom allt eldsneyti fyrir \u00edslenska fiskiskipaflotann, flugflotann og flutninga \u00e1 sj\u00f3 og landi \u2013 sem er aflvaki hagkerfisins \u2013 fr\u00e1 Sov\u00e9trikjunum. Stu\u00f0ningur okkar vi\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0isbar\u00e1ttu Eystrasalts\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a, sem kalla\u00f0i \u00e1 van\u00fe\u00f3knun Sov\u00e9trikjanna, var \u00feess vegna fjarri \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vera \u00e1n \u00e1h\u00e6ttu. Vi\u00f0 einfaldlega t\u00f3kum \u00fe\u00e1 \u00e1h\u00e6ttu.<\/p>\n Hin athugasemdin er \u00feessi: \u00deegar Sov\u00e9tstj\u00f3rnin m\u00f3tm\u00e6lti formlega meintri \u00edhlutun \u00cdslands um sov\u00e9sk innanr\u00edkism\u00e1l, \u00e1kva\u00f0 \u00e9g a\u00f0 taka m\u00f3tm\u00e6lin alvarlega og svara \u00feeim m\u00e1lefnalega. \u00c9g f\u00f3l \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0r\u00e9ttarfr\u00e6\u00f0ingi utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0uneytisins, \u00ed n\u00e1nu samstarfi vi\u00f0 s\u00e9rfr\u00e6\u00f0inga fr\u00e1 Eistlandi, a\u00f0 setja saman skjal, \u00fear sem s\u00fdnt var fram \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 me\u00f0 lagar\u00f6kum, a\u00f0 hern\u00e1m Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjanna og innlimun Eystrasalts\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a \u00ed Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkin hef\u00f0i veri\u00f0 gr\u00f3ft brot \u00e1 al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0al\u00f6gum. \u00deessi r\u00f6ksemdaf\u00e6rsla var studd m\u00f6rgum d\u00e6mum um skuldbindingar Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjanna samkv\u00e6mt al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0al\u00f6gum og samningum, s\u00e9rstaklega skuldbindingum \u00feeirra samkv\u00e6mt Helsinki s\u00e1ttm\u00e1lanum (Helsinki Final Act) fr\u00e11975, um fri\u00f0helgi landam\u00e6ra. Vi\u00f0 \u00e1r\u00e9ttu\u00f0um \u00feessar skuldbindingar me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 minna Sov\u00e9tstj\u00f3rnina \u00e1, a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0fulltr\u00faar\u00e1\u00f0 Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjanna (Soviet Congress of Deputies) hef\u00f0i sj\u00e1lft fallist \u00e1 \u00feessi r\u00f6k me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 l\u00fdsa Molotov-Ribbentrop<\/b> samninginn \u00f3gildan. L\u00f6ngu seinna sag\u00f0i Landsbergis m\u00e9r, a\u00f0 \u00feetta hef\u00f0i reynst vera haldbesta \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0r\u00e9ttarskjali\u00f0, sem v\u00edsa\u00f0 var til \u00ed samningum Lith\u00e1a vi\u00f0 R\u00fassa um brotthvarf sov\u00e9ska hern\u00e1msli\u00f0sins.<\/p>\n \u00deann 19. \u00e1g\u00fast, 1991, h\u00f3fst atbur\u00f0ar\u00e1s, sem leiddi til vi\u00f0urkenningar al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0asamf\u00e9lagsins \u00e1 endurreistu sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0i Eystrasalts\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a; og reyndist s\u00ed\u00f0an ver\u00f0a upphafi\u00f0 a\u00f0 endalokum Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjanna. \u00deetta byrja\u00f0i \u00ed g\u00f6tuv\u00edgum \u00ed Moskvu, en enda\u00f0i viku s\u00ed\u00f0ar me\u00f0 l\u00e1tlausri ath\u00f6fn \u00ed H\u00f6f\u00f0a \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk. Fimm \u00e1rum \u00e1\u00f0ur haf\u00f0i H\u00f6f\u00f0i h\u00fdst \u00fe\u00e1 Reagan<\/b> og Gorbachev \u00e1 lei\u00f0togafundi, sem s\u00ed\u00f0ar meir var talinn hafa marka\u00f0 upphafi\u00f0 a\u00f0 endalokum kalda str\u00ed\u00f0sins. N\u00fa marka\u00f0i \u00feessi sami sta\u00f0ur upphafi\u00f0 a\u00f0 vi\u00f0urkenningu al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0asamf\u00e9lagsins \u00e1 sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0i Eystrasalts\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a \u2013 ferli , sem reyndist ver\u00f0a \u00f3st\u00f6\u00f0vandi og \u00f3afturkallanlegt. Atbur\u00f0ar\u00e1sin var eitthva\u00f0 \u00e1 \u00feessa lei\u00f0.<\/p>\n Ef \u00e9g man r\u00e9tt, f\u00e9kk \u00feessi r\u00e6\u00f0a m\u00edn daufar undirtektir, svo ekki s\u00e9 meira sagt. \u00c1 heimlei\u00f0 af fundinum settist \u00e9g upp \u00ed sendir\u00e1\u00f0i okkar \u00ed Kaupmannah\u00f6fn, \u00fear sem \u00e9g h\u00e9kk \u00ed s\u00edmanum langt fram \u00e1 n\u00f3tt. Eftir langa m\u00e6\u00f0u t\u00f3kst m\u00e9r a\u00f0 n\u00e1 sambandi vi\u00f0 r\u00e9tta a\u00f0ila \u00ed Vilnius, Riga og Tallinn. Skilabo\u00f0 m\u00edn voru einf\u00f6ld. \u00cd p\u00f3lit\u00edk getur t\u00edmasetningin skipt sk\u00f6pum. N\u00fa, \u00feegar allt er \u00ed upplausn \u00ed Moskvu, er r\u00e9tti t\u00edminn til athafna. \u00c9g sendi formleg bo\u00f0sbr\u00e9f til utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herra Eystrasaltsr\u00edkjanna um a\u00f0 koma til Reykjav\u00edkur, eins og flj\u00f3tt og au\u00f0i\u00f0 v\u00e6ri. \u00dear og \u00fe\u00e1 mundum vi\u00f0 undirrita vi\u00f0eigandi skj\u00f6l \u00fev\u00ed til sta\u00f0festingar, a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 hef\u00f0um endurreist stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lasamband okkar \u00ed milli og gengi\u00f0 fr\u00e1 tilnefningu sendiherra og r\u00e6\u00f0ismanna me\u00f0 gagnkv\u00e6mum h\u00e6tti. \u00c9g h\u00e9lt \u00fev\u00ed fram, a\u00f0 a\u00f0rar \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir mundu br\u00e1tt fylgja \u00ed kj\u00f6lfari\u00f0. Vi\u00f0 yr\u00f0um a\u00f0 gr\u00edpa t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri\u00f0 n\u00fa, \u00feegar \u00fea\u00f0 g\u00e6fist, til a\u00f0 hrinda af sta\u00f0 r\u00e1s atbur\u00f0a, sem yr\u00f0i \u00f3afturkallanleg. \u00dea\u00f0 kom \u00e1 daginn. Bandar\u00edkin ur\u00f0u n\u00famer 56 til a\u00f0 vi\u00f0urkenna or\u00f0inn hlut \u2013 degi \u00e1 eftir Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjunum.<\/p>\n Utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herrar Eystrasaltsr\u00edkjanna \u00feriggja, Lennart Meri<\/b> fr\u00e1 Eistlandi, Janis Jurkans<\/b> fr\u00e1 Lettlandi og Algirdas Saudargas<\/b> fr\u00e1 Lith\u00e1en lentu \u00e1 Keflav\u00edkurflugvelli s\u00ed\u00f0degis \u00feann 25. \u00e1g\u00fast. Daginn eftir, \u00feann 26. \u00e1g\u00fast 1991 komum vi\u00f0 saman til fundar \u00ed H\u00f6f\u00f0a, sem haf\u00f0i h\u00fdst lei\u00f0togafund Reagans og Gorbachevs \u00e1ri\u00f0 1986. Vi\u00f0 undirritu\u00f0um tilskilin skj\u00f6l og s\u00f6g\u00f0um f\u00e1ein or\u00f0 um \u00feann t\u00edmam\u00f3tavi\u00f0bur\u00f0, sem h\u00e9r \u00e1tti s\u00e9r sta\u00f0. Fr\u00e9ttirnar h\u00f6f\u00f0u varla fyrr borist \u00fat um heiminn en bo\u00f0sbr\u00e9fin byrju\u00f0u a\u00f0 streyma inn: Vildu utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herrarnir l\u00e1ta svo l\u00edti\u00f0 a\u00f0 heims\u00e6kja h\u00f6fu\u00f0borgir Evr\u00f3pu \u00e1 n\u00e6stu d\u00f6gum og vikum til \u00feess a\u00f0 endurtaka og sta\u00f0festa \u00fea\u00f0, sem gerst haf\u00f0i \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk. Ferli\u00f0 var or\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00f3afturkallanlegt<\/i>.<\/p>\n \u00c6tlunarverki m\u00ednu var loki\u00f0: \u201cMission accomplished\u201d.<\/p>\n Eftir standa \u00e1leitnar spurningar um, hvort og \u00fe\u00e1 hva\u00f0 megi af \u00feessari s\u00f6gu l\u00e6ra um vi\u00f0br\u00f6g\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00feeim atbur\u00f0um, sem n\u00fa eru a\u00f0 gerast \u00e1 svipu\u00f0um sl\u00f3\u00f0um og var\u00f0a str\u00ed\u00f0 e\u00f0a fri\u00f0. Vonandi f\u00e1um vi\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0r\u00fam til a\u00f0 skiptast \u00e1 sko\u00f0unum um \u00fea\u00f0 h\u00e9r \u00e1 eftir. \u00cd \u00dakra\u00ednu var \u00feessu \u00fever\u00f6fugt fari\u00f0. P\u00f3lit\u00edska forystan br\u00e1st. P\u00f3lit\u00edsk og fj\u00e1rhagsleg spilling \u00e1 s\u00e9r l\u00edtil sem engin takm\u00f6rk. M.a. s. R\u00fassland Yeltsins, sem kennt hefur veri\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u201c\u00fej\u00f3fna\u00f0 aldarinnar\u201d, stenst \u00fear engan samanbur\u00f0. F\u00e1menn kl\u00edka au\u00f0k\u00fdfinga hefur, \u00ed skj\u00f3li p\u00f3lit\u00edsks valds, fari\u00f0 r\u00e1nshendi um au\u00f0lindir \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar. Misskipting au\u00f0s og tekna sker \u00ed augu. Veikbur\u00f0a umb\u00f3tatilraunir \u00ed nafni \u201cOrange-byltingarinnar\u201d runnu \u00fat \u00ed sandinn. Stj\u00f3rninni \u00ed Kiev mist\u00f3kst a\u00f0 n\u00e1 t\u00f6kum \u00e1 stj\u00f3rn h\u00e9ra\u00f0anna \u00ed su\u00f0-austanver\u00f0u landinu, \u00fear sem r\u00fassneskum\u00e6landi f\u00f3lk er \u00fdmist \u00ed meirihluta e\u00f0a \u00f6flugur en h\u00e1v\u00e6r minnihluti. Herinn er vanb\u00fainn vopnum, og bar\u00e1ttu\u00fereki\u00f0 lifir \u00e1 veiku skari. Vi\u00f0 \u00feessi skilyr\u00f0i m\u00e1 stj\u00f3rnin \u00ed Kiev s\u00edn l\u00edtils. H\u00fan bregst vi\u00f0 r\u00e1s vi\u00f0bur\u00f0a samkv\u00e6mt mott\u00f3inu of l\u00edti\u00f0 \u2013 of seint. H\u00fan \u00e1 vi\u00f0 ofurefli a\u00f0 etja.<\/p>\n Fr\u00e6g eru \u00feau umm\u00e6li P\u00fatins<\/b>, forseta R\u00fasslands, a\u00f0 hrun Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjanna s\u00e9 \u201cmesti heimss\u00f6gulegi harmleikur li\u00f0innar aldar<\/i>\u201d. Markmi\u00f0 hans er lj\u00f3st: A\u00f0 b\u00e6ta fyrir mist\u00f6k forvera sinna og endurreisa hi\u00f0 st\u00f3rr\u00fassneska \u00e1hrifasv\u00e6\u00f0i. P\u00fatin veit sem er, a\u00f0 \u00e1n \u00dakra\u00ednu n\u00e6r R\u00fassland aldrei aftur fyrri st\u00f6\u00f0u sem heimsveldi<\/i>. Hann veit l\u00edka sem er, a\u00f0 valdi og \u00e1hrifum Vesturveldanna eru takm\u00f6rk sett \u00ed \u00feessum heimshluta. Fj\u00e1rhagsa\u00f0sto\u00f0, vopn og t\u00e6knib\u00fana\u00f0ur, j\u00e1 \u2013 \u201cbut we won\u00b4t put troops on the ground<\/i>\u201d, eins og Obama Bandar\u00edkjaforseti<\/b>, hefur sta\u00f0fest. \u00dakra\u00ednumenn ver\u00f0a \u00fev\u00ed einir um \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 f\u00f3rna l\u00edfi s\u00ednu fyrir sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0i landsins. Hvorki NATO n\u00e9 Evr\u00f3pusambandi\u00f0 er rei\u00f0b\u00fai\u00f0 til a\u00f0 taka \u00e1h\u00e6ttu af n\u00fdrri st\u00f3rstyrj\u00f6ld \u00e1 Austur-v\u00edgst\u00f6\u00f0vunum.<\/p>\n Frammi fyrir \u00feaulskipulag\u00f0ri herna\u00f0ar\u00e1\u00e6tlun P\u00fatins \u00e1 stj\u00f3rnin \u00ed Kiev bara tveggja kosta v\u00f6l \u2013 og er hvorugur g\u00f3\u00f0ur. Vilji h\u00fan beita hervaldi, mun \u00fea\u00f0 bitna fyrst og fremst \u00e1 \u00f3breyttum borgurum, konum og b\u00f6rnum og enda \u00ed fj\u00f6ldamor\u00f0um \u00e1 varnalausu f\u00f3lki \u00ed l\u00edkingu vi\u00f0 herna\u00f0 \u00cdsraela \u00e1 Gaza. \u00dea\u00f0 yr\u00f0i \u00f3hj\u00e1kv\u00e6milega \u00f3b\u00e6rilegt bl\u00f3\u00f0ba\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 mun fyrr en s\u00ed\u00f0ar framkalla ford\u00e6mingu almennings\u00e1litsins \u00ed heiminum og gefa R\u00fassum \u00fea\u00f0 tilefni, sem \u00feeir b\u00ed\u00f0a eftir, til beinnar herna\u00f0ar\u00edhlutunar. \u00dea\u00f0 er str\u00ed\u00f0 sem litlar l\u00edkur eru \u00e1, a\u00f0 \u00dakra\u00ednumenn geti unni\u00f0. Hinn kosturinn er s\u00e1, a\u00f0 s\u00e6tta sig vi\u00f0 m\u00e1lami\u00f0lun, undir \u00fer\u00fdstingi fr\u00e1 al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0asamf\u00e9laginu, um st\u00f3raukna heimastj\u00f3rn austurh\u00e9ra\u00f0anna. \u00deau munu tr\u00falega l\u00fdsa yfir sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0i s\u00ednu \u00ed framhaldinu. Yfirl\u00fdst stefna a\u00f0skilna\u00f0arsinna er s\u00ed\u00f0an s\u00fa a\u00f0 leita eftir inng\u00f6ngu \u00ed r\u00fassneska sambandsl\u00fd\u00f0veldi\u00f0. \u00cd b\u00e1\u00f0um tilvikum \u00e1 \u00dakra\u00edna vi\u00f0 ofurefli a\u00f0 etja.<\/p>\n Kremlverjum hefur or\u00f0i\u00f0 talsvert \u00e1gengt me\u00f0 \u00feeim \u00e1r\u00f3\u00f0ri s\u00ednum, a\u00f0 r\u00fassneski \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernisminnihlutinn \u00ed \u00dakra\u00ednu (og \u00f6\u00f0rum grannr\u00edkjum R\u00fassa) eigi samkv\u00e6mt l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegum leikreglum um \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0i og sj\u00e1lfs\u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unarr\u00e9tt \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a r\u00e9tt \u00e1 a\u00f0 velja, hvort hann vilji sameinast r\u00fassneska sambandsl\u00fd\u00f0veldinu e\u00f0a ekki. M\u00e1li s\u00ednu til stu\u00f0nings nefna \u00feeir gjarnan Kosovo, Skotland e\u00f0a Katal\u00f3n\u00edu<\/i>. Allt saman h\u00e9ru\u00f0, sem vilja segja sig \u00far l\u00f6gum vi\u00f0 sambandsr\u00edki. En h\u00e9r er a\u00f0 v\u00edsu \u00f3l\u00edku saman a\u00f0 jafna. \u00cd Kosovo beitti Milosovich serbneska hernum til a\u00f0 kn\u00fdja fram \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernishreinsanir me\u00f0 hervaldi. S\u00fa valdbeiting var\u00f0 ekki st\u00f6\u00f0vu\u00f0 fyrr en me\u00f0 loftherna\u00f0i NATO (les Bandar\u00edkjamanna) gegn Serb\u00edu. \u00dea\u00f0 er enginn a\u00f0 beita r\u00fassneska \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernisminnihlutann \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernishreinsun me\u00f0 hervaldi, hvorki \u00ed \u00dakra\u00ednu n\u00e9 annars sta\u00f0ar.<\/p>\n Skotar hafa sami\u00f0 vi\u00f0 sambandsstj\u00f3rnina \u00ed London um framkv\u00e6md \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0aratkv\u00e6\u00f0agrei\u00f0slu, sem b\u00e1\u00f0ir a\u00f0ilar heita a\u00f0 vir\u00f0a. \u00dea\u00f0 fer engum s\u00f6gum af \u00fev\u00ed, a\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnin \u00ed Lund\u00fanum \u00e1skilji s\u00e9r r\u00e9tt til a\u00f0 beita valdi til a\u00f0 vernda enska minnihlutann \u00ed Skotlandi. Saml\u00edking vi\u00f0 Katal\u00f3n\u00edu er me\u00f0 sama h\u00e6tti \u00fat \u00ed h\u00f6tt. Hverjir hafa beitt \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernishreinsunum \u00ed st\u00f3rum st\u00edl \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed skyni a\u00f0 uppr\u00e6ta \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0menningu og sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0isvitund \u00feeirra \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a, sem h\u00e9r eiga hlut a\u00f0 m\u00e1li? Tatarar \u00e1 Kr\u00edmskaga voru fluttir nau\u00f0ungarflutningum \u00ed g\u00falagi\u00f0, en R\u00fassar fluttir inn \u00ed sta\u00f0inn. Sama m\u00e1li gegndi um Eystrasaltsl\u00f6ndin: And\u00f3fsmenn gegn hern\u00e1minu s\u00e6ttu nau\u00f0ungarflutningum til S\u00edber\u00edu, en R\u00fassar voru fluttir inn \u00ed st\u00f3rum st\u00edl \u00ed sta\u00f0inn. Tilgangurinn var a\u00f0 \u201cr\u00fassifisera\u201d \u00feessar \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir, uppr\u00e6ta sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0isvitund \u00feeirra og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0menningu. Og \u00fea\u00f0 haf\u00f0i n\u00e6rri \u00fev\u00ed tekist \u00e1 h\u00e1lfri \u00f6ld. R\u00fassar eru n\u00fa n\u00e6stum \u00fev\u00ed meirihluti \u00ed Riga, h\u00f6fu\u00f0borg Lettlands, og r\u00e1\u00f0a stj\u00f3rn borgarinnar. \u00cd Tallinn, h\u00f6fu\u00f0borg Eistlands, r\u00e1\u00f0a \u00feeir meirihluta borgarstj\u00f3rnar. Narva, i\u00f0na\u00f0arborg \u00e1 landam\u00e6runum, er 95% r\u00fassnesk.<\/p>\n En stafar r\u00fassneska minnihlutanum einhver \u00f3gn af stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ldum \u00ed \u00dakra\u00ednu e\u00f0a Eystrasaltsl\u00f6ndunum? <\/b> \u00dev\u00ed fer fjarri. \u00deeir R\u00fassar, sem fyrir voru \u00ed Eystrasaltsl\u00f6ndum fyrir str\u00ed\u00f0, hafa fyrir l\u00f6ngu a\u00f0lagast og nj\u00f3ta fulls r\u00edkisborgarar\u00e9ttar. Hinir, sem fluttir voru inn me\u00f0 hervaldi, eiga val. \u00deeir sem s\u00fdna fram \u00e1 l\u00e1gmarkskunn\u00e1ttu \u00ed \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0tungu r\u00edkisins, geta s\u00f3tt um og f\u00e1 r\u00edkisborgarar\u00e9tt. \u00deeir sem hafna \u00feessum kosti, eiga engu a\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ur kosningar\u00e9tt \u00ed sveitarstj\u00f3rnakosningum. Og r\u00fassneski minnihlutinn hefur \u00e1fram s\u00edna sk\u00f3la. Vi\u00f0 \u00cdslendingar ger\u00f0um r\u00e9tt \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 setja okkur \u00ed spor Eystrasalts\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a, \u00e1\u00f0ur en vi\u00f0 ford\u00e6mum tilraun \u00feeirra til a\u00f0 var\u00f0veita \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0tungur s\u00ednar, sem voru \u00ed \u00fatr\u00fdmingarh\u00e6ttu. Mannr\u00e9ttindavakt ESB hefur fylgst grannt me\u00f0 stefnunni og framkv\u00e6md hennar vi\u00f0 Eystrasalt og sta\u00f0fest, a\u00f0 mannr\u00e9ttindi \u00ed fj\u00f6l\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0asamf\u00e9lagi s\u00e9u virt \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 sta\u00f0la ESB. Geri a\u00f0rir betur. Evr\u00f3pusambandsa\u00f0ild tryggir reyndar frj\u00e1lsa f\u00f6r til b\u00fasetu og vinnu, hvar sem er innan Evr\u00f3pusambandsins, sem fj\u00f6ldi R\u00fassa \u00ed Eystrasaltsl\u00f6ndum notf\u00e6rir s\u00e9r.<\/p>\n Er sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0i Eystrasalts\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a \u00ed h\u00e6ttu?<\/b> \u00deeir sem taka tr\u00faanlegan m\u00e1lflutning P\u00fatins um, a\u00f0 R\u00fassland \u00e1skilji s\u00e9r r\u00e9tt til herna\u00f0ar\u00edhlutunar, til a\u00f0 vernda r\u00fassneska \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernisminnihluta innan landam\u00e6ra annarra r\u00edkja, hlj\u00f3ta a\u00f0 svara spurningunni j\u00e1tandi. Seinni heimsstyrj\u00f6ldin h\u00f3fst reyndar me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed, a\u00f0 Hitlers-\u00de\u00fdskaland \u00e1skildi s\u00e9r sama r\u00e9tt til herna\u00f0ar\u00edhlutunar \u00ed grannr\u00edkjum \u00e1 s\u00f6mu forsendum. Um \u00fea\u00f0 snerist innlimun Austurr\u00edkis \u00ed \u00fe\u00fdska r\u00edki\u00f0 (Anschluss) og sundurlimun T\u00e9kk\u00f3sl\u00f3vak\u00edu (fri\u00f0arsamningarnir \u00ed M\u00fcnchen).Og kosta\u00f0i 50 millj\u00f3nir mannsl\u00edfa, \u00e1\u00f0ur en hildarleiknum lauk.<\/p>\n Er \u00ed alv\u00f6ru l\u00edklegt, a\u00f0 R\u00fassland h\u00e6tti \u00e1 styrj\u00f6ld vi\u00f0 a\u00f0ildarr\u00edki ESB og NATO \u00fat af kr\u00f6fum P\u00fatins um a\u00f0 f\u00e1 skila\u00f0 aftur herfanginu eftir \u201cthe Great Patriotic War\u201d – seinni heimsstyrj\u00f6ldina?<\/b><\/p>\n Evr\u00f3pusambandi\u00f0 m\u00e1 me\u00f0 r\u00e9ttu gagnr\u00fdna fyrir margt: Sundurlyndi, skort \u00e1 p\u00f3lit\u00edskri forystu og skort \u00e1 samr\u00e6mdri og tr\u00faver\u00f0ugri stefnu \u00ed varnar- og \u00f6ryggism\u00e1lum. \u00deessi gagnr\u00fdni kemur a\u00f0 v\u00edsu \u00far h\u00f6r\u00f0ustu \u00e1tt fr\u00e1 \u00feeim, sem sta\u00f0fastlega berjast gegn tilf\u00e6rslu valds fr\u00e1 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0r\u00edkjunum til sam\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legra stofnana ESB. H\u00e6gri \u00f6fga\u00f6flin, sem vilja Evr\u00f3pusambandi\u00f0 feigt, eiga \u00fea\u00f0 yfirleitt sammerkt, a\u00f0 hafa fagna\u00f0 innlimun P\u00fatins \u00e1 Kr\u00edmskaga. Og voru \u00e1 s\u00ednum t\u00edma andv\u00edg st\u00e6kkun Evr\u00f3pusambandsins til austurs.<\/p>\n Eftir stendur, a\u00f0 ESB er st\u00e6rsta vi\u00f0skiptablokk heims, sem R\u00fassland \u00feolir engan samanbur\u00f0 vi\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 v\u00e6ri of langt gengi\u00f0 a\u00f0 l\u00fdsa R\u00fasslandi P\u00fat\u00edns sem \u201cBurkino Faso\u201d me\u00f0 gerey\u00f0ingarvopn, eins og p\u00f3lski utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herrann \u00e1 a\u00f0 hafa einhvern t\u00edma misst \u00fat \u00far s\u00e9r. Samt felst sannleikskorn \u00ed saml\u00edkingunni. R\u00fassland er efnahagslega van\u00fer\u00f3a\u00f0 land sem hefur enga efnahagslega bur\u00f0i til a\u00f0 efna til herna\u00f0ar\u00e1taka vi\u00f0 r\u00edki Evr\u00f3pusambandsins. Flest eru a\u00f0ildarr\u00edki ESB jafnframt me\u00f0limir NATO. Og hafi menn efast um tilvistarr\u00f6k NATO a\u00f0 loknu k\u00f6ldu str\u00ed\u00f0i, \u00fe\u00e1 vita menn n\u00fa vonandi betur. \u00der\u00e1tt fyrir misr\u00e1\u00f0inn herna\u00f0 a\u00f0 undirlagi Bandar\u00edkjanna \u00ed \u00cdrak og Afganistan, hefur NATO n\u00e6gan herstyrk til a\u00f0 standa vi\u00f0 5.gr. Stofns\u00e1ttm\u00e1lans um, \u201ca\u00f0 \u00e1r\u00e1s \u00e1 eitt a\u00f0ildarr\u00edki sko\u00f0ist sem \u00e1r\u00e1s \u00e1 \u00f6ll\u201d.Og vi\u00f0br\u00f6g\u00f0in ver\u00f0i eftir \u00fev\u00ed. \u00deessi \u201cdeterrent<\/i>\u201d (f\u00e6lingarm\u00e1ttur) dug\u00f0i gagnvart Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjunum \u00ed k\u00f6ldu str\u00ed\u00f0i \u00ed h\u00e1lfa \u00f6ld. Hann er enn \u00ed fullu gildi. Kremlverjar munu \u00fev\u00ed hugsa sig um oftar en einu sinni, \u00e1\u00f0ur en \u00feeir l\u00e1ta fallast \u00ed \u00fe\u00e1 freistni a\u00f0 hefja herna\u00f0arinnr\u00e1s \u00ed eitthvert a\u00f0ildarr\u00edki Atlantshafsbandalagsins.<\/p>\n En \u00feetta bjargar \u00fev\u00ed mi\u00f0ur ekki \u00dakra\u00ednu \u00fat \u00far \u00feeim \u00f3g\u00f6ngum, sem h\u00fan hefur rata\u00f0 \u00ed vegna fyrirhyggju- og \u00e1byrg\u00f0arleysis hinnar p\u00f3lit\u00edsku forystu landsins \u00e1 fyrsta aldarfj\u00f3r\u00f0ungi hins sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0a r\u00edkis. \u00dar \u00fev\u00ed sem komi\u00f0 er, \u00e1 Poroschenko<\/b> \u00fev\u00ed ekki annarra kosta v\u00f6l en a\u00f0 semja vi\u00f0 \u00f3vininn \u00far veikri st\u00f6\u00f0u. \u00deetta sta\u00f0festir enn einu sinni, a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 eigum engar vina\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir, bara hagsmuni. H\u00e9r sannast enn hi\u00f0 fornkve\u00f0na, a\u00f0 \u201c\u00fe\u00fa tryggir ekki eftir \u00e1<\/b>\u201d.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Vi\u00f0 erum st\u00f6dd \u00ed Kaupmannah\u00f6fn \u00e1 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0h\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0ardegi Dana, 6. J\u00fan\u00ed \u00e1ri\u00f0 1990 \u2013 fyrir n\u00e6stum aldarfj\u00f3r\u00f0ungi s\u00ed\u00f0an. Utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herrar Evr\u00f3pur\u00edkja, sem og Bandar\u00edkjanna og Kanada, eru h\u00e9r samankomnir. Fundurinn var einn af m\u00f6rgum, sem snerust um a\u00f0 binda endi \u00e1 Kalda str\u00ed\u00f0i\u00f0. \u00c1 dagskr\u00e1 \u00feessara funda voru samningar um afvopnun og samdr\u00e1tt \u00ed herafla; um fri\u00f0samlega samb\u00fa\u00f0 fyrrverandi fjandmanna; um vir\u00f0ingu fyrir almennum mannr\u00e9ttindum og sj\u00e1lfs\u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unarr\u00e9tti \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a.Vi\u00f0 erum st\u00f6dd \u00ed Kaupmannah\u00f6fn \u00e1 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0h\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0ardegi Dana, 6. J\u00fan\u00ed \u00e1ri\u00f0 1990 \u2013 fyrir n\u00e6stum aldarfj\u00f3r\u00f0ungi s\u00ed\u00f0an. Utanr\u00edkisr\u00e1\u00f0herrar Evr\u00f3pur\u00edkja, sem og Bandar\u00edkjanna og Kanada, eru h\u00e9r samankomnir. Fundurinn var einn af m\u00f6rgum, sem snerust um a\u00f0 binda endi \u00e1 Kalda str\u00ed\u00f0i\u00f0. \u00c1 dagskr\u00e1 \u00feessara funda voru samningar um afvopnun og samdr\u00e1tt \u00ed herafla; um fri\u00f0samlega samb\u00fa\u00f0 fyrrverandi fjandmanna; um vir\u00f0ingu fyrir almennum mannr\u00e9ttindum og sj\u00e1lfs\u00e1kv\u00f6r\u00f0unarr\u00e9tti \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1417","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-allar_greinar","category-greinar_og_vidtol"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1417","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1417"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1417\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2714,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1417\/revisions\/2714"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1417"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1417"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jbh.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1417"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}3.<\/h3>\n
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5.<\/h3>\n
6.<\/h3>\n
\n\u00datganga Eystrasalts\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a \u00far Sov\u00e9tr\u00edkjunum var \u00f6\u00f0rum \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0um innan heimsveldisins ford\u00e6mi um a\u00f0 l\u00fdsa yfir sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0i, \u00fe.\u00e1.m. \u00dakra\u00ednum\u00f6nnum. En \u00feegar vi\u00f0 berum saman, hvernig \u00feessi aldarfj\u00f3r\u00f0ungur, sem li\u00f0inn er s\u00ed\u00f0an, hefur n\u00fdst til a\u00f0 treysta innvi\u00f0i og tryggja \u00f6ryggi r\u00edkjanna, er \u00f3l\u00edku saman a\u00f0 jafna. P\u00f3lit\u00edsk forysta Eystrasalts\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a var einhuga um \u00fea\u00f0 fr\u00e1 upphafi \u2013 \u00fevert yfir p\u00f3lit\u00edskar v\u00edgl\u00ednur \u2013 a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta ekki s\u00f6guna endurtaka sig; a\u00f0 sameiginlegt meginmarkmi\u00f0 skyldi vera innganga \u00ed Evr\u00f3pusambandi\u00f0 og NATO<\/i> vi\u00f0 fyrsta t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri. Skilyr\u00f0in sem var\u00f0 a\u00f0 uppfylla, reyndust vera \u00f6flugur hvati <\/i>til a\u00f0 hra\u00f0a nau\u00f0synlegum umb\u00f3tum: a\u00f0 byggja upp stofnanir l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0is, r\u00e9ttarr\u00edkis og marka\u00f0shagkerfis undir l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islegri stj\u00f3rn. \u00deetta gaf stj\u00f3rnarfarinu \u00fe\u00e1 festu, sem dug\u00f0i til a\u00f0 for\u00f0a p\u00f3lit\u00edskri upplausn. L\u00fd\u00f0skrumarar \u2013 og af \u00feeim var n\u00f3g frambo\u00f0 \u2013 komust ekki upp me\u00f0 mo\u00f0reyk. Reynslan af \u00f3gninni a\u00f0 austan, handan landam\u00e6ranna, h\u00e9lt \u00f6llum vi\u00f0 efni\u00f0.<\/p>\n